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If an attempt to lock an image in the working set returns SS$_LKWSETFUL, you might consider moving all kernel mode code within the image to a separate, smaller sharable image. Otherwise, you might consider increasing the working set quota of the process.
The LIBRTL routine LIB$LOCK_IMAGE and LIB$UNLOCK_IMAGE are preferable to SYS$LKWSET_64 and SYS$ULKWSET_64 for locking code and related data in the working set. For more information about locking images in the working set, see the LIBRTL manual and the descriptions of LIB$LOCK_IMAGE and LIB$UNLOCK_IMAGE.
None
None
$LKWSET, $ULWSET, $ULWSET_64
SS$_WASCLR The service completed successfully. All of the specified pages were previously unlocked. The entire image might have been locked in the working set. SS$_WASSET The service completed successfully. At least one of the specified pages was previously locked in the working set. If the image has been locked in the working set, the count of times the image has been locked in the working set has been incremented. SS$_ACCVIO The return_va_64 or return_length_64 argument cannot be written by the caller, or an attempt was made to lock pages by a caller whose access mode is less privileged than the access mode associated with the pages. SS$_LKWSETFUL The locked working set is full. If any more pages are locked, not enough dynamic pages will be available to continue execution. If the image is being locked in the working set, the image is too large to be entirely locked in the working set. SS$_NOPRIV No privilege; global pages with write access cannot be locked into the working set. SS$_PAGNOTINREG A page in the specified range is not within the specified region. SS$_PAGOWNVIO The pages could not be locked because the access mode associated with the call to $LKWSET_64 was less privileged than the access mode associated with the pages that were to be locked.
Establishes a correspondence between pages (maps) in the virtual address space of the process and physical pages occupied by a global section.
SYS$MGBLSC inadr ,[retadr] ,[acmode] ,[flags] ,gsdnam ,[ident] ,[relpag]
int sys$mgblsc (struct _va_range *inadr, struct _va_range *retadr, unsigned int acmode, unsigned int flags, void *gsdnam, struct _secid *ident, unsigned int relpag);
inadr
OpenVMS usage: address_range type: longword (unsigned) access: read only mechanism: by reference
Starting and ending virtual addresses into which the section is to be mapped. The inadr argument is the address of a 2-longword array containing, in order, the starting and ending process virtual addresses. Only the virtual page number portion of each virtual address is used to specify which pages are to be mapped; the low-order byte-within-page bits are ignored for this purpose.The interpretation of the inadr argument depends on the setting of SEC$M_EXPREG in the flags argument and on whether you are using an Alpha or an Integrity servers system. These system types are discussed separately in this section.
Alpha and Integrity servers System Usage
On Alpha and Integrity server systems, if you do not set the SEC$M_EXPREG flag, the inadr argument specifies the starting and ending virtual addresses of the region to be mapped. Addresses in system space are not allowed. The addresses must be aligned on CPU-specific pages; no rounding to CPU-specific pages occurs. The lower address of the inadr argument must be on a CPU-specific page boundary and the higher address of the inadr argument must be 1 less than a CPU-specific boundary, thus forming a range, from lowest to highest, of address bytes. You can use the SYI$_PAGE_SIZE item code in the $GETSYI system service to set the inadr argument to the proper values. You do this to avoid programming errors that might arise because of incorrect programming assumptions about page sizes.
If, on the other hand, you do set the SEC$M_EXPREG flag, indicating that the mapping should take place using the first available space in a particular region, the inadr argument is used only to indicate the desired region: the program region (P0) or the control region (P1).
Caution
Mapping into the P1 region is generally discouraged, but, if done, must be executed with extreme care. Since the user stack is mapped in P1, it is possible that references to the user stack might inadvertently read or write the pages mapped with $CRMPSC.When the SEC$M_EXPREG flag is set, the second inadr longword is ignored, while bit 30 (the second most significant bit) of the first inadr longword is used to determine the region of choice. If the bit is clear, P0 is chosen; if the bit is set, P1 is chosen. On Alpha and Integrity server systems, bit 31 (the most significant bit) of the first inadr longword must be 0. To ensure compatibility between Alpha and Integrity server systems when you choose a region, HP recommends that you specify, for the first inadr longword, any virtual address in the desired region.
retadr
OpenVMS usage: address_range type: longword (unsigned) access: write only mechanism: by reference
Starting and ending process virtual addresses into which the section was actually mapped by $MGBLSC. The retadr argument is the address of a 2-longword array containing, in order, the starting and ending process virtual addresses.On Alpha and Integrity server systems, the retadr argument returns the starting and ending addresses of the usable range of addresses. This might differ from the total amount mapped. The retadr argument is required when the relpag argument is specified. If the section being mapped does not completely fill the last page used to map the section, the retadr argument indicates the highest address that actually maps the section. If the relpag argument is used to specify an offset into the section, the retadr argument reflects the offset.
acmode
OpenVMS usage: access_mode type: longword (unsigned) access: read only mechanism: by value
Access mode to be associated with the pages mapped into the process virtual address space. The acmode argument is a longword containing the access mode. The $PSLDEF macro defines symbols for the four access modes.The most privileged access mode used is the access mode of the caller.
flags
OpenVMS usage: mask_longword type: longword (unsigned) access: read only mechanism: by value
Flag mask specifying options for the operation. The flags argument is a longword bit vector wherein a bit when set specifies the corresponding option.The $SECDEF macro defines symbolic names for the flag bits. You construct the flags argument by specifying the symbolic names of each desired option in a logical OR operation.
The following table describes each flag option:
Flag Option Description SEC$M_WRT Map the section with read/write access. By default, the section is mapped with read-only access. If SEC$M_WRT is specified and the section is not copy-on-reference, write access is required. SEC$M_SYSGBL Map a system global section. By default, the section is a group global section. SEC$M_EXPREG Map the section into the first available virtual address range. By default, the section is mapped into the range specified by the inadr argument. See the inadr argument description for a complete explanation of how to set the SEC$M_EXPREG flag.
SEC$M_UNCACHED Flag that must be set when a PFN-mapped section is created if this section must be treated as uncached memory. Flag is ignored on Alpha systems; it applies only to Integrity server systems. gsdnam
OpenVMS usage: section_name type: character-coded text string access: read only mechanism: by descriptor--fixed-length string descriptor
Name of the global section. The gsdnam argument is the address of a character string descriptor pointing to this name string.For group global sections, the operating system interprets the group UIC as part of the global section name; thus, the names of global sections are unique to UIC groups. Further, all global section names are implicitly qualified by their identification fields.
You can specify any name from 1 to 43 characters. All processes mapping to the same global section must specify the same name. Note that the name is case sensitive.
Use of characters valid in logical names is strongly encouraged. Valid values include alphanumeric characters, the dollar sign ($), and the underscore (_). If the name string begins with an underscore (_), the underscore is stripped and the resultant string is considered to be the actual name. Use of the colon (:) is not permitted.
Names are first subject to a logical name translation, after the application of the prefix GBL$ to the name. If the result translates, it is used as the name of the section. If the resulting name does not translate, the name specified by the caller is used as the name of the section.
Additional information on logical name translations and on section name processing is available in the HP OpenVMS Programming Concepts Manual.
ident
OpenVMS usage: section_id type: quadword (unsigned) access: read only mechanism: by reference
Identification value specifying the version number of a global section and, for processes mapping to an existing global section, the criteria for matching the identification. The ident argument is the address of a quadword structure containing three fields.The first longword specifies, in the low-order two bits, the matching criteria. Their valid values, the symbolic names by which they can be specified, and their meanings are as follows:
Value/Name Match Criteria 0 SEC$K_MATALL Match all versions of the section. 1 SEC$K_MATEQU Match only if major and minor identifications match. 2 SEC$K_MATLEQ Match if the major identifications are equal and the minor identification of the mapper is less than or equal to the minor identification of the global section. The version number is in the second longword and contains two fields: a minor identification in the low-order 24 bits and a major identification in the high-order 8 bits.
If you do not specify ident or specify it as the value 0 (the default), the version number and match control fields default to the value 0.
relpag
OpenVMS usage: longword_unsigned type: longword (unsigned) access: read only mechanism: by value
Relative page number within the section of the first page to be mapped. The relpag argument is a longword containing this number.On Alpha and Integrity server systems, the relpag argument is interpreted as an index into the section file, measured in pagelets for a file-backed section or CPU-specific pages for a PFN-mapped section.
On Alpha, Integrity servers systems, if you do not specify relpag or specify it as the value 0 (the default), the global section is mapped beginning with the first virtual block in a file-backed section or the first CPU-specific page in a PFN-mapped section.
The Map Global Section service establishes a correspondence between pages (maps) in the virtual address space of the process and physical pages occupied by a global section. The protection mask specified at the time the global section is created determines the type of access (for example, read/write or read only) that a particular process has to the section.When $MGBLSC maps a global section, it adds pages to the virtual address space of the process. The section is mapped from a low address to a high address, whether the section is mapped in the program or control region.
If an error occurs during the mapping of a global section, the return address array, if specified, indicates the pages that were successfully mapped when the error occurred. If no pages were mapped, both longwords of the return address array contain the value --1.
Read access is required. If the SEC$M_WRT flag is specified, write access is required.
The working set quota (WSQUOTA) of the process must be sufficient to accommodate the increased size of the virtual address space when the $MGBLSC service maps a section.
If the section pages are copy-on-reference, the process must also have sufficient paging file quota (PGFLQUOTA).
This system service causes the working set of the calling process to be adjusted to the size specified by the working set quota (WSQUOTA). If the working set size of the process is less than quota, the working set size is increased; if the working set size of the process is greater than quota, the working set size is decreased.
$ADJSTK, $ADJWSL, $CRETVA, $CRMPSC, $DELTVA, $DGBLSC, $EXPREG, $LCKPAG, $LKWSET, $PURGWS, $SETPRT, $SETSTK, $SETSWM, $ULKPAG, $ULWSET, $UPDSEC, $UPDSECW
For more information, see the chapter on memory management in the HP OpenVMS Programming Concepts Manual.
SS$_NORMAL The service completed successfully. SS$_ACCVIO The input address array, the global section name or name descriptor, or the section identification field cannot be read by the caller; or the return address array cannot be written by the caller. SS$_ENDOFFILE The starting virtual block number specified is beyond the logical end-of-file. SS$_EXQUOTA The process exceeded its paging file quota, creating copy-on-reference pages. SS$_INSFWSL The working set limit of the process is not large enough to accommodate the increased virtual address space. SS$_INVARG Invalid argument specified to service. Common sources are the incorrect specification of relpag or the values in the inadr array. SS$_IVLOGNAM The global section name has a length of 0 or has more than 43 characters. SS$_IVSECFLG You set a reserved flag. SS$_IVSECIDCTL The match control field of the global section identification is invalid. SS$_NOPRIV The file protection mask specified when the global section was created prohibits the type of access requested by the caller; or a page in the input address range is in the system address space. SS$_NOSHPTS The region ID of a shared page-table region was specified. SS$_NOSUCHSEC The specified global section does not exist. SS$_PAGOWNVIO A page in the specified input address range is owned by a more privileged access mode. SS$_SECREFOVF The maximum number of references for a global section has been reached (2,147,483,647). SS$_TOOMANYLNAM Logical name translation of the gsdnam string exceeded the allowed depth. SS$_VA_IN_USE The existing underlying page cannot be deleted because it is associated with a buffer object. SS$_VASFULL The virtual address space of the process is full; no space is available in the page tables for the pages created to contain the mapped global section.
On Alpha and Integrity server systems, establishes a correspondence between pages in the virtual address space of the process and the pages occupied by a global disk file, page file, or demand-zero section and can map to a demand-zero section with shared page tables.This service accepts 64-bit addresses.
SYS$MGBLSC_64 gs_name_64 ,ident_64 ,region_id_64 ,section_offset_64 ,length_64 ,acmode ,flags ,return_va_64 ,return_length_64
[,start_va_64]
int sys$mgblsc_64 (void *gsdnam_64, struct _secid *ident_64, struct _generic_64 *region_id_64, unsigned __int64 section_offset_64, unsigned __int64 length_64, unsigned int acmode, unsigned int flags, void *(*(return_va_64)), unsigned __int64 *return_length_64,...);
gs_name_64
OpenVMS usage: section_name type: character-coded text string access: read only mechanism: by 32- or 64-bit descriptor--fixed-length string descriptor
Name of the global section. The gs_name_64 argument is the 32- or 64-bit virtual address of a naturally aligned 32-bit or 64-bit string descriptor pointing to this name string.You can specify any name from 1 to 43 characters. All processes mapping to the same global section must specify the same name. Note that the name is case sensitive.
Use of characters valid in logical names is strongly encouraged. Valid values include alphanumeric characters, the dollar sign ($), and the underscore (_). If the name string begins with an underscore (_), the underscore is stripped and the resultant string is considered to be the actual name. Use of the colon (:) is not permitted.
Names are first subject to a logical name translation, after the application of the prefix GBL$ to the name. If the result translates, it is used as the name of the section. If the resulting name does not translate, the name specified by the caller is used as the name of the section.
Additional information on logical name translations and on section name processing is available in the HP OpenVMS Programming Concepts Manual.
ident_64
OpenVMS usage: section_id type: quadword (unsigned) access: read only mechanism: by 32- or 64-bit reference
Identification value specifying the version number of a global section. The ident_64 argument is a quadword containing three fields. The ident_64 argument is the 32- or 64-bit virtual address of a naturally aligned quadword that contains the identification value.The first longword specifies the matching criteria in its low-order two bits.
The valid values, symbolic names by which they can be specified, and their meanings are as follows:
Value Symbolic Name Match Criteria 0 SEC$K_MATALL Match all versions of the section. 1 SEC$K_MATEQU Match only if major and minor identifications match. 2 SEC$K_MATLEQ Match if the major identifications are equal and the minor identification of the mapper is less than or equal to the minor identification of the global section. If you specify the ident_64 argument as 0, the version number and match control fields default to 0.
The version number is in the second longword. The version number contains two fields: a minor identification in the low-order 24 bits and a major identification in the high-order 8 bits. You can assign values for these fields by installation convention to differentiate versions of global sections. If no version number is specified when a section is created, processes that specify a version number when mapping cannot access the global section.
region_id_64
OpenVMS usage: region identifier type: quadword (unsigned) access: read only mechanism: by 32- or 64-bit reference
The region ID associated with the region to map the global section. The file VADEF.H in SYS$STARLET_C.TLB and the $VADEF macro in STARLET.MLB define a symbolic name for each of the three default regions in P0, P1, and P2 space.The following region IDs are defined:
Symbol Region VA$C_P0 Program region VA$C_P1 Control region VA$C_P2 64-bit program region Other region IDs, as returned by the $CREATE_REGION_64 service, can be specified.
section_offset_64
OpenVMS usage: byte offset type: quadword (unsigned) access: read only mechanism: by value
Offset into the global section at which to start mapping into the process's virtual address space.If a map to a global disk file section is being requested, the section_offset_64 argument specifies an even multiple of disk blocks. If a map to a global page file or demand-zero section is being requested, the section_offset_64 argument specifies an even multiple of CPU-specific pages. If zero is specified, the global section is mapped beginning with the first page of the section.
If the region_id_64 argument specifies a shared page table region, section_offset_64 must be an even multiple of pages mapped by a page table page.
length_64
OpenVMS usage: byte count type: quadword (unsigned) access: read only mechanism: by value
Length, in bytes, of the desired mapping of the global disk file section.If a map to a global section is being requested, the length_64 argument must specify an even multiple of disk blocks. If a map to a global page file or demand-zero section is being requested, the length_64 argument must specify an even multiple of CPU-specific pages. If zero is specified, the size of the disk file is used.
If a shared page-table region is specified by the region_id_64 argument, length_64 must be an even multiple of the number of bytes that can be mapped by a CPU-specific page-table page or must include the last page within the memory-resident global section.
acmode
OpenVMS usage: access_mode type: longword (unsigned) access: read only mechanism: by value
Access mode that is to be the owner of the pages created during the mapping. This is also the read access mode and, if the SEC$M_WRT flag is specified, the write access mode. The acmode argument is a longword containing the access mode.The $PSLDEF macro in STARLET.MLB and the file PSLDEF.H in SYS$STARLET_C.TLB define the following symbols and their values for the four access modes:
Value Symbolic Name Access Mode 0 PSL$C_KERNEL Kernel 1 PSL$C_EXEC Executive 2 PSL$C_SUPER Supervisor 3 PSL$C_USER User
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