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HP OpenVMS DCL Dictionary
HP OpenVMS DCL Dictionary
Specifies the number of pages to print for the specified job. You can
use the /PAGES qualifier to print portions of long files. By default,
all pages of the file are printed.
The lowlim specifier refers to the first page in the group of
pages that you want printed for that file. If you omit the
lowlim specifier, the printing starts on the first page of the
file.
The uplim specifier refers to the last page of the file that
you want printed. If you want to print to the end of the file, but do
not know how many pages the file contains, use quotation marks ("
") as the uplim specifier. You can omit the parentheses
if you are including only a specific value for the uplim
specifier. For example, /PAGES=10 prints the first ten pages of the
file; /PAGES=(5,10) prints pages 5 through 10; /PAGES=(5,"") starts
printing at page 5 in the file and continues until the end of the file
is reached.
/PARAMETERS=(parameter[(=value[,...])] [,...])
Specifies from 1 to 8 optional parameters that are unique to a
particular print symbiont. Each parameter and its values are passed as
a single text string directly to the print symbiont: logical names and
DCL symbols are not translated by the PRINT command.
Each parameter can take from 1 to 8 values for a total of 255
characters. If you specify only one parameter or parameter value, you
can omit the parentheses. Enclose parameter values containing lowercase
letters or nonalphanumeric characters (such as spaces, parentheses, or
commas) in quotation marks.
You can specify the /PARAMETERS qualifier only once in each PRINT
command. For example, in the command
PRINT /PARAMETERS=(JJJ,KK) /PARAMETERS=(LL,MMM)
, the JJJ and KK are ignored because the second occurrence of the
/PARAMETERS qualifier supersedes the first occurrence.
For information on parameters available for printing to PostScript
printers using DECprint Supervisor software (DCPS), refer to the DCL
Help topic PRINT_Parameter.
/PASSALL
/NOPASSALL (default)
Positional qualifier.
Specifies whether the symbiont bypasses all formatting and sends the
output QIO to the driver with format suppressed. All qualifiers
affecting formatting, as well as the /HEADER, /PAGES, and /SETUP
qualifiers, are ignored.
If the /PASSALL qualifier is placed between the PRINT command and any
file specifications, all files are printed in PASSALL mode. To specify
the /PASSALL qualifier for only some files in the job, place the
qualifier after each file that you want printed in PASSALL mode.
/PRIORITY=n
Requires OPER (operator) or ALTPRI (alter priority) privilege
to raise the priority above the queue's maximum scheduling priority.
Specifies the job-scheduling priority of the print job. The value of
the parameter n can be from 0 through 255, where 0 is the
lowest priority and 255 is the highest. The default value of n
is the value of the system parameter DEFQUEPRI. No privilege is needed
to set the priority lower than the queue's maximum scheduling priority.
/QUEUE=queue-name[:]
Queues the job to the specified output queue. The default queue is
SYS$PRINT. This qualifier is synonymous with the /DEVICE qualifier.
/REMOTE
Queues the job to SYS$PRINT on the remote node specified in the file
specification; the file must exist on the remote node. When
you use the /REMOTE qualifier, you must include the node name
in the file specification.
You can specify only the following qualifiers with the /REMOTE
qualifier:
/BACKUP
/BEFORE
/BY_OWNER
/CONFIRM
/CREATED
/EXCLUDE
/EXPIRED
/MODIFIED
/SINCE
Note that, unlike the printing on the local node, multiple files queued
by a single PRINT/REMOTE command are considered separate jobs.
/RESTART (default)
/NORESTART
Indicates whether a job restarts after a system failure or after a
STOP/QUEUE/REQUEUE command.
/RETAIN=option
Specifies the circumstances under which you want your jobs to be
retained in a queue. When a job is retained in the queue, you can issue
the SHOW QUEUE command after the job completes to see the status of the
job. Without job retention, no record of a job is left in a queue after
a job completes.
Use the following options to specify job retention:
- ALWAYS----Holds the job in the queue regardless of the job's
completion status.
- DEFAULT----Holds the job in the queue as specified by the queue's
retention policy.
- ERROR----Holds the job in the queue only if the job completes
unsuccessfully.
- UNTIL=time-value----Holds the job in the queue for the
specified length of time, regardless of the job's completion status.
Note
You cannot specify a /NORETAIN qualifier with the PRINT command (as
system managers can with the commands INITIALIZE/QUEUE, START/QUEUE,
and SET QUEUE); however, you can specify /RETAIN=DEFAULT with the PRINT
command. The default option holds the job in the queue as specified by
the queue's retention policy. If the system manager has not specified
retention for the queue, the job is not retained.
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How Job Retention Is Determined
Although you can specify job retention options for your own jobs, the
job retention option you specify may be overridden by the job retention
option of the queue on which your job executed. If you submit or print
a job to a generic queue, the generic queue's job retention setting may
also override the job retention option you specify. This section
describes how job retention is determined.
An execution queue's job retention setting takes precedence over a
generic queue's job retention setting; however, if the job's completion
status does not match the job retention setting (if any) on the
execution queue, then the generic queue's job retention setting
attempts to control job retention. If the job's completion status does
not match the job retention setting (if any) on the generic queue, then
the user-specified job retention setting is used. Jobs submitted
directly to execution queues are not affected by job retention settings
on generic queues.
If the execution queue's retention setting applies, the job is retained
on the execution queue. Likewise, if the generic queue's retention
setting applies, the job is retained on the generic queue. If the
user-specified setting applies, the job is retained in the queue to
which it was submitted.
The following example illustrates how the queue manager determines job
retention:
Suppose you submit a job to a generic queue and specify /RETAIN=ALWAYS,
and the job completes successfully.
First, the queue manager compares the job's completion status to the
execution queue's retention setting. Suppose the queue is set with
/RETAIN=ERROR (retains only jobs that complete unsuccessfully). The job
is not retained in the execution queue because the error condition was
not met.
The queue manager then compares the job's completion status to the
generic queue's retention setting. Suppose the generic queue has no
retention setting. The queue manager's comparison again fails to retain
the job.
Finally, the queue manager compares the job's completion status to the
retention setting you specified for the job. This comparison reveals
that the job should be retained. Because the user-specified setting
leads the queue manager to retain the job, the job is held in the queue
to which the job was submitted---in this case, the generic queue.
For more information on types of queues, see the INITIALIZE/QUEUE
command. For more information on setting retention options for queues,
see the INITIALIZE/QUEUE, START/QUEUE, or SET QUEUE command.
Timed Retention
Timed retention, which you specify using the UNTIL=time-value
option, allows you to retain a job in the queue only as long as you
need it. This eliminates the need to delete the job from the queue
later.
For example, the following command retains the print job MYFILE in the
queue until 7:31 on December 14, when the job will automatically be
deleted from the queue.
$ PRINT/RETAIN=UNTIL=14-DEC-2001:07:31:0.0 MYFILE.DAT
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However, depending on the queue's job retention policy, the job might
be retained indefinitely. The job retention policy set on the queue
takes precedence over the user-specified job retention setting. Because
system managers cannot specify timed job retention for a queue, any
jobs retained as a result of a queue's setting are retained
indefinitely.
If you specify the /RETAIN=UNTIL=time-value option, you must
supply a time value. The time value is first interpreted as a delta
time, then as a combination time, and finally as absolute time. If you
specify a delta time, the delta begins when the job completes. For
example, if you specify PRINT/RETAIN=UNTIL="+3:00", the job will be
retained for three hours after the job completes. For information on
specifying time values, refer to the OpenVMS User's Manual.
/SETUP=module[,...]
Extracts the specified modules from the device control library
(containing escape sequence modules for programmable printers) and
copies the modules to the printer before a file is printed. By default,
no device control modules are copied.
Note that the module names are not checked for validity until the time
that the file is actually printed; therefore, PRINT/SETUP is
susceptible to typing errors and other mistakes. It is recommended only
for experimental setups.
For production setups, see DEFINE/FORM/SETUP.
/SINCE[=time]
/NOSINCE
Selects only those files dated on or after the specified time. You can
specify time as absolute time, as a combination of absolute and delta
times, or as one of the following keywords: BOOT, LOGIN, TODAY
(default), TOMORROW, or YESTERDAY. Specify one of the following
qualifiers with the /SINCE qualifier to indicate the time attribute to
be used as the basis for selection: /BACKUP, /CREATED (default),
/EXPIRED, or /MODIFIED.
For complete information on specifying time values, refer to the
OpenVMS User's Manual or the online help topic DCL_Tips (subtopic Date_Time).
/SPACE
/NOSPACE (default)
Positional qualifier.
Controls whether print job output is double-spaced. The default is
single-spaced output.
/STYLE=keyword
Specifies the file name format for display purposes.
The valid keywords for this qualifier are CONDENSED and EXPANDED.
Descriptions are as follows:
| Keyword |
Explanation |
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CONDENSED (default)
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Displays the file name representation of what is generated to fit into
a 255-length character string. This file name may contain a DID or FID
abbreviation in the file specification.
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EXPANDED
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Displays the file name representation of what is stored on disk. This
file name does not contain any DID or FID abbreviations.
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The keywords CONDENSED and EXPANDED are mutually exclusive. This
qualifier specifies which file name format is displayed in the output
message, along with the confirmation if requested.
File errors are displayed with the CONDENSED file specification unless
the EXPANDED keyword is specified.
Refer to the OpenVMS User's Manual for more information.
/TRAILER[=keyword]
/NOTRAILER
Positional qualifier.
Controls whether a file trailer page is printed at the end of a file.
The trailer page displays the job entry number as well as information
about the user submitting the job and the files being printed. If the
/TRAILER qualifier is positioned between the PRINT command and the file
specifications, it can take either of the following keywords:
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ALL
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Prints a file trailer page after each file in the job.
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ONE
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Prints a file trailer page after the last file in the job.
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If you want the /TRAILER qualifier to apply to individual files in a
multifile job, place the qualifier directly after each file that you
want to have a trailer page.
Use the /[NO]TRAILER qualifier to override the /DEFAULT=[NO]TRAILER
option that has been set for the output queue you are using. The
/[NO]TRAILER qualifier does not override the /SEPARATE=[NO]TRAILER
option set for the queue.
/USER=username
Requires CMKRNL (change mode to kernel) privilege and read (R)
and write (W) access to the user authorization file (UAF).
Allows you to print a job on behalf of another user. The print job runs
exactly as if that user had submitted it. The print job runs under that
user's user name and user identification code (UIC), and accounting
information is logged to that user's account. By default, the user
identification comes from the requesting process. The user name
qualifier value can be any user name that is valid on your system. The
name must be 1 to 12 alphanumeric characters.
Examples
| #1 |
$ PRINT/QUEUE=LPB0/COPIES=10/AFTER=20 RESUME
Job RESUME (queue LPB0, entry 239) holding until 14-DEC-2001 20:00
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The PRINT command in this example queues 10 copies of the file
RESUME.LIS to printer LPB0, but requests that the copies not be printed
until after 8:00 P.M.
| #2 |
$ PRINT THETA.TXT + BETA/FLAG + GAMMA/FLAG + *.LIS/FLAG
Job THETA (queue SYS$PRINT, entry 237) pending
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The PRINT command in this example submits the files THETA.TXT,
BETA.TXT, GAMMA.TXT, and the highest versions of all files with the
file type .LIS as a single print job. Flag pages separate the
individual files. Notice that the file type for BETA and GAMMA is .TXT,
the file type of the first file in the list.
| #3 |
$ PRINT/LOWERCASE THETA.TXT/COPIES=2, -
_$BETA.DOC/COPIES=3
Job THETA (queue SYS$PRINT, entry 240) pending
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The print job queued by the PRINT command in this example consists of
two copies of THETA.TXT followed by three copies of BETA.DOC. This job
must be printed on a printer that can print lowercase letters. If no
such printer is available, the job waits in the queue.
| #4 |
$ PRINT/JOB_COUNT=3 THETA.TXT,BETA/NOIDENTIFY
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The PRINT command in this example concatenates the files THETA.TXT and
BETA.TXT into a single print job and prints three copies of the job.
The /NOIDENTIFY qualifier requests that the job entry number and queue
name not be displayed.
| #5 |
$ COPY REPORT.MEM NODE3::
$ PRINT/REMOTE NODE3::REPORT.MEM
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In this example, the two commands are entered at a node other than
NODE3. The COPY command copies the file REPORT.MEM from the current
node to the NODE3 node. The PRINT command queues the file REPORT.MEM
located on the NODE3 node for printing at the NODE3 node. The job entry
number and queue name are not displayed when the /REMOTE qualifier is
used.
| #6 |
$ PRINT/HOLD MASTER.DOC
Job MASTER (queue SYS$PRINT, entry 540) holding
.
.
.
$ SET ENTRY 540/RELEASE
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The PRINT command in this example queues a copy of the file MASTER.DOC
to the default printer in a hold status. Later, the SET ENTRY command
releases the hold status on the file and makes it available for
printing.
| #7 |
$ PRINT TEST.TXT
Job TEST.TXT (queue SYS$PRINT, entry 867) started on LPA0
$ SHOW ENTRY '$ENTRY'
Entry Jobname Username Blocks Status
----- ------- -------- ------ ------
867 TEST.TXT Nisslert 135 Printing
Submitted 10-DEC-2001 11:07 /FORM=DEFAULT /PRIORITY=100
File: $5$DUA174:[NISSLERT]TEST.TXT;3
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The PRINT command in this system example queues a copy of the file
TEST.TXT to the default printer. It also creates the local symbol
$ENTRY to store the job entry number. The SHOW ENTRY command requests a
display of the entry using the symbol $ENTRY to identify it.
| #8 |
$ PRINT/RETAIN=UNTIL=1 MYFILE.DAT
.
.
.
$ SHOW QUEUE DOC$LN03
Server queue DOC$LN03, stopped, on NEWTON::, mounted form DEFAULT
Entry Jobname Username Blocks Status
----- ------- -------- ------ ------
436 MYFILE MIGDAL 8 Retained until 11-DEC-2001 16:56
%JBC-F-JOBABORT, job aborted during execution
Completed 11-DEC-2001 15:56 on queue DOC$LN03
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The SHOW QUEUE display in this system example includes the date and
time at which a retained job completed and the queue on which it
executed. The user set job retention to be one hour after job
completion. Depending on the queue's job retention policy, the job
might be deleted from the queue at 16:56.
| #9 |
PRINT /PARAMETERS=AAA=123
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This command passes the parameter AAA=123 to the print symbiont. The
interpretation of the parameter is dependent on the symbiont.
| #10 |
$ PRINT /PARAMETERS=(ddd,"e,(F=(3,4),g),h)",iii)
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This command passes three parameters to the print symbiont: DDD,
"e,(F=(3,4),g),h)", and III. The use of the quotes around the second
parameter allows the use of nested parentheses, commas, and the
preservation of alphabetic case. This parameter value is perfectly
acceptable to the PRINT command, even though it is apt to subsequently
be rejected by the print symbiont.
| #11 |
PRINT /PARAMETERS=("N,O,P,Q,R,S,T",U,V)
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This command passes three parameters to the print symbiont:
"N,O,P,Q,R,S,T", U, and V. Depending on the parsing capabilities of the
symbiont and the length of the parameters (each parameter is limited to
255 characters), this may be a workaround to the limitation of eight
parameters.
PRODUCT
Invokes the POLYCENTER Software Installation utility to do one of the
following:
- Install one or more software products.
- Remove one or more software products.
- Perform other related operations.
For a complete description of the POLYCENTER Software Installation
utility and the use of the PRODUCT command, refer to the HP OpenVMS System Manager's Manual
and the HP OpenVMS System Management Utilities Reference Manual or online help.
Format
PRODUCT [subcommand product-name [/qualifiers]]
PURGE
Deletes all but the highest numbered versions of the specified files.
Format
PURGE [filespec[,...]]
Parameter
filespec[,...]
Specifies one or more files to be purged. If you specify more than one
file, separate the file specifications with either commas (,) or plus
signs (+). The asterisk (*) and the percent sign (%) wildcard
characters are allowed in the directory, file name, and file type
fields; however, no version number can be specified. As a default, the
PURGE command purges all files in the current directory. There are no
file name or file type defaults with the PURGE command.
Description
The PURGE command deletes earlier versions of files. The PURGE command
never deletes all versions of any file. By default, the PURGE command
keeps only the highest version of a file. If you do not include a file
specification with the PURGE command, all files in the current
directory are affected by the purge.
Qualifiers
/BACKUP
Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
qualifier. The /BACKUP qualifier selects files according to the dates
of their most recent backups. This qualifier is incompatible with the
/CREATED, /EXPIRED, and /MODIFIED qualifiers, which also allow you to
select files according to time attributes. If you specify none of these
four time qualifiers, the default is the /CREATED qualifier.
/BEFORE[=time]
Selects only those files dated prior to the specified time. You can
specify time as absolute time, as a combination of absolute and delta
times, or as one of the following keywords: BOOT, LOGIN, TODAY
(default), TOMORROW, or YESTERDAY. Specify one of the following
qualifiers with the /BEFORE qualifier to indicate the time attribute to
be used as the basis for selection: /BACKUP, /CREATED (default),
/EXPIRED, or /MODIFIED.
For complete information on specifying time values, refer to the
OpenVMS User's Manual or the online help topic DCL_Tips (subtopic Date_Time).
/BY_OWNER[=uic]
Selects only those files whose owner user identification code (UIC)
matches the specified owner UIC. The default UIC is that of the current
process.
Specify the UIC by using standard UIC format as described in the
HP OpenVMS Guide to System Security.
/CONFIRM
/NOCONFIRM (default)
Controls whether a request is issued before each purge operation to
confirm that the operation should be performed on that file. The
following responses are valid:
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YES
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NO
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QUIT
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TRUE
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FALSE
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Ctrl/Z
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1
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0
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ALL
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[Return]
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You can use any combination of uppercase and lowercase letters for word
responses. Word responses can be abbreviated to one or more letters
(for example, T, TR, or TRU for TRUE), but these abbreviations must be
unique. Affirmative answers are YES, TRUE, and 1. Negative answers
include: NO, FALSE, 0, and pressing Return. Entering QUIT or pressing
Ctrl/Z indicates that you want to stop processing the command at that
point. When you respond by entering ALL, the command continues to
process, but no further prompts are given. If you type a response other
than one of those in the list, DCL issues an error message and
redisplays the prompt.
/CREATED (default)
Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
qualifier. The /CREATED qualifier selects files based on their dates of
creation. This qualifier is incompatible with the /BACKUP, /EXPIRED,
and /MODIFIED qualifiers, which also allow you to select files
according to time attributes. If you specify none of these four time
qualifiers, the default is the /CREATED qualifier.
/ERASE
/NOERASE (default)
Erases the specified files from the disk so that the purged data no
longer exists physically on the deallocated disk blocks.
When you delete a file, the area in which the file was stored is
returned to the system for future use. The data that was stored in that
location still exists in the system until new data is written over it.
When the /ERASE qualifier is specified, the storage location is
overwritten with a system-specified pattern so that the data no longer
exists.
/EXCLUDE=(filespec[,...])
Excludes the specified files from the purge operation. You can include
a directory but not a device in the file specification. The asterisk
(*) and the percent sign (%) wildcard characters are allowed in the
file specification; however, you cannot use relative version numbers to
exclude a specific version. If you specify only one file, you can omit
the parentheses.
/EXPIRED
Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
qualifier. The /EXPIRED qualifier selects files according to their
expiration dates. (The expiration date is set with the SET
FILE/EXPIRATION_DATE command.) The /EXPIRED qualifier is incompatible
with the /BACKUP, /CREATED, and /MODIFIED qualifiers, which also allow
you to select files according to time attributes. If you specify none
of these four time qualifiers, the default is the /CREATED qualifier.
/IGNORE=INTERLOCK (Alpha only)
Allows you to mark a write-accessed file for deletion. This removes the
file name entry, and the file is deleted when it is closed by the final
user.
/KEEP=number-of-versions
Specifies the maximum number of versions of the specified files to be
retained in the directory. If you do not include the /KEEP qualifier,
all but the highest numbered version of the specified files are deleted
from the directory.
/LOG
/NOLOG (default)
Controls whether file specifications are displayed as the files are
deleted.
/MODIFIED
Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
qualifier. The /MODIFIED qualifier selects files according to the dates
on which they were last modified. This qualifier is incompatible with
the /BACKUP, /CREATED, and /EXPIRED qualifiers, which also allow you to
select files according to time attributes. If you specify none of these
four time modifiers, the default is the /CREATED qualifier.
/SINCE[=time]
Selects only those files dated on or after the specified time. You can
specify time as absolute time, as a combination of absolute and delta
times, or as one of the following keywords: BOOT, LOGIN, TODAY
(default), TOMORROW, or YESTERDAY. Specify one of the following
qualifiers with the /SINCE qualifier to indicate the time attribute to
be used as the basis for selection: /BACKUP, /CREATED (default),
/EXPIRED, or /MODIFIED.
For complete information on specifying time values, refer to the
OpenVMS User's Manual or the online help topic DCL_Tips (subtopic Date_Time).
/STYLE=keyword
Specifies the file name format for display purposes while purging files.
The valid keywords for this qualifier are CONDENSED and EXPANDED.
Descriptions are as follows:
| Keyword |
Explanation |
|
CONDENSED (default)
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Displays the file name representation of what is generated to fit into
a 255-length character string. This file name may contain a DID or FID
abbreviation in the file specification.
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EXPANDED
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Displays the file name representation of what is stored on disk. This
file name does not contain any DID or FID abbreviations.
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