DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS
User's Guide


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Specify the destination host as either a host name or an IP address. The following example sends mail to user MALCOLM at host PHILOS.BU.EDU:

$ MAIL
MAIL> SEND [Return]
To:     malcolm@philos.bu.edu [Return]
Subj:   Final Exams[Return]

The following example sends mail to user MALCOLM at the host with IP address 16.20.40.59:

$ MAIL
MAIL> SEND [Return]
To:     malcolm@16.20.40.59 [Return]
Subj:   Final Exams[Return]

The OpenVMS Mail utility automatically detects destination addresses that include fully qualified host names (where the node component includes a period (.), such as MALCOLM@PHILOS.BU.EDU) and sends the mail using the SMTP protocol, unless your system has been set up to use a different Internet protocol (by defining an alternate protocol with the MAIL$INTERNET_TRANSPORT logical name).

However, if you use a destination address that is not fully qualified --- that is, one in which the node component does not include a period (.) --- the Mail utility by default assumes the address is a DECnet address. For example, if you specified MALCOLM@PHILOS as the destination address, the Mail utility converts it to the DECnet format PHILOS::MALCOLM.

You can force the OpenVMS Mail utility to use a specific protocol by defining the MAIL$INTERNET_MODE logical name. This is useful in cases where a mail address, such as MALCOLM@PHILOS, can be valid for either SMTP or DECnet.

You can assign one of the following values to the MAIL$INTERNET_MODE logical name:

Define the logical name in your LOGIN.COM file. For example, the following definition causes the Mail utility to interpret any address that does not include a period in the node component of the specification as an Internet address:

$ DEFINE MAIL$INTERNET_MODE SMTP 

Another way to force the OpenVMS Mail utility to use SMTP is to include the SMTP% prefix. At the To: prompt, type SMTP% and, with no space, either the destination name or IP address. Enclose the destination in quotation marks, as in the following example:

$ MAIL
MAIL> SEND
To: SMTP%"malcolm@philos" 

So, if you want to prevent the OpenVMS Mail utility from automatically converting an unqualified Internet host name address to a format for DECnet use, you have three choices:

For more information on the OpenVMS Mail utility and how it interprets addresses, see the appropriate OpenVMS documentation.

6.3 Sending Mail to Multiple Users

To send mail to more than one user, use the SEND command as discussed in the previous section, but at the To: prompt type one of the following:

6.3.1 Typing a List of Names

When you type a list of names, use the following guidelines:

Use the following syntax:

MAIL> SEND 
To: user1,user2,user3@host3,user4@host4

where:

MAIL> SEND 
To: user1@host5,user2@host5

In this example, both users are located at remote host5.

The following example sends the same mail to:

MAIL> SEND MEETINGS.TXT 
To: NOWAK@CENTRAL.GREEN.ORG,BRENT@CENTRAL.GREEN.ORG, MILLER@BOSTON.GREEN.ORG  
Subj:  SCHEDULE AND AGENDAS 

6.3.2 Distribution Lists

To send mail to multiple users by typing the name of a distribution list, follow these guidelines:

You can use two kinds of distribution lists:

The following examples show some different methods of using distribution lists.

  1. This example sends mail to users whose names are on the local OpenVMS distribution list AGENCIES.DIS. The distribution list file is displayed in this example. The MAIL$INTERNET_MODE logical name is not set, so by default unqualified Internet addresses would be sent over DECnet; therefore, the AUDUBON@NY address is included with the SMTP% prefix and quotation marks.
    $ TYPE AGENCIES.DIS
    ! 
    ! This is an OpenVMS distribution file named AGENCIES.DIS. 
    ! 
    SMTP%"audubon@ny" 
    WILLIAMS@BELTWAY.ORG 
    WILDLIFE@DALLAS.ORG 
    jmuir@19.8.7.6 
    SEC@GP.INTER8.ORG 
    BATES::SCOPE 
    ! 
    $ MAIL
    MAIL> SEND
    To:     @AGENCIES.DIS
    Subj:   NEWS TO WATCH FOR
    
  2. This example sends mail to users whose names are on the local SMTP distribution list SYS$SPECIFIC:[UCX_SMTP]NATL_INTEREST.DIS. The distribution list file is displayed in this example.
    $ TYPE NATL_INTEREST.DIS
    green@19.8.7.6 
    wlf@19.7.6.5 
    arlo@19.4.3.2 
    wendell@biolo.ne.edu 
    $ MAIL
    MAIL> SEND
    To:    natl_interest@main_office.org
    Subj:  News Items
    
  3. This example sends mail to the users on SMTP distribution list FINANCE_CENTERS.DIS, which is maintained on remote mail server host HOLBROOK.
    $ TYPE FINANCE_CENTERS.DIS
    ny_accts@23.9.7.4 
    sf_stocks@23.7.11.2 
    dallas_pfs@23.1.5.1 
    denver_accts@holbrook 
    $ MAIL
    MAIL> SEND
    To:     finance_centers@holbrook
    Subj:   Portfolio Activity
    

6.4 Receiving Mail

To read received mail, follow these steps:

  1. At the DCL prompt, type MAIL.
  2. At the MAIL> prompt, use the DIRECTORY command to view a list of received messages.
  3. Use the READ command or indicate the message number you want to view in exactly the same way as you would for OpenVMS mail.

In the following example, a user views the directory of unread new mail and selects Message 3 to read.

$ MAIL
 
You have 3 new messages. 
 
MAIL> DIRECTORY
NEWMAIL 
 
# From                 Date         Subject 
 
1 GWAY::SMTP%"helenm@bhc 10-MAR-1997  Just Checking In 
2 GWAY::SMTP%"mays@sfg 11-MAR-1997  Common Bases 
3 CBIRD::SMTP%"seaway 12-MAR-1997  Cruises 
 
MAIL> 3

6.5 OpenVMS Mail Personal Name String

You can define a "personal name" string that is included at the top of all the mail messages you send. To create a personal name with SMTP mail, use the SET PERSONAL_NAME command with the following restrictions:

The following example shows a user setting a personal name that includes quotation marks:

$ MAIL
MAIL> SET PERSONAL_NAME "'Wellth' is in the mind" 

6.6 Carbon-Copying Messages

You can enable "carbon copying" by using the SET CC-PROMPT command. Follow these guidelines when you specify destinations for the CC: prompt:

The following example sends mail to user AL and carbon copies users ROLLINS, BOND, and RICH:

MAIL> SEND
To:     al@airways
CC:     rollins,bond,rich@flight_central.com
Subj:   Directions for Night Flight

In the following example, OpenVMS user BRODIE sends mail to UNIX user owens and copies soltau.

MAIL> SET CC_PROMPT
MAIL> SEND
To:     owens@kezar
CC:     soltau@fgtoo.bonkers.org
Subj:   Goals for the Week
Enter your message below. Press CTRL/Z when complete, or CTRL/C to quit:
 
RC: Let's get a jump on the ball this time. 
We'll meet before the conference to organize. 
- J.B.[Ctrl/Z] (not echoed) [Exit]

6.7 Forwarding Messages

You can forward any mail you receive to any internet host. Follow the OpenVMS Mail conventions for forwarding mail.

If you move to another system that supports SMTP, SMTP can forward your mail to your new location. When you set this features, type the new address within three sets of quotation marks.

Use the following syntax:

MAIL> SET FORWARD 
_Address:SMTP%"""new_user_name@forwarding_host"""

To set the forward feature for another user, type the /USER qualifier. Issue:

MAIL> SET FORWARD/USER=vms_node::name
_Address:SMTP%"""new_user_name@forwrding_host"""

For example, after reading a message, the FORWARD command forwards it to user SPAN at host MILWAK.

MAIL> FORWARD
To: SMTP%"span@milwak"
CC: SELF
Subj:    Who's Starting

In the following example, user CYGNET sets automatic SMTP forwarding from host NOW to user ELLIS at host FUTURE:

MAIL> SET FORWARD /USER=now::cygnet 
_Address: SMTP%"""ellis@future""" 

6.8 Using Mail from Your PC

With SMTP and the Post Office Protocol (POP) functionality, you can receive and send OpenVMS mail from your PC.

POP is a mail repository that accepts and stores your mail even when the PC is turned off. At your request, the POP server reads mail from your OpenVMS NEWMAIL folder, then moves the mail to your MAIL folder.

To send and receive mail on your PC, make sure the system manager has configured the POP server for use on your PC (the POP client system).

To set up your POP client account, use one of the following methods:

For more information about the POP process, including information about how POP builds SMTP-compliant mail headers, see the DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Management guide.

6.9 Using the UNIX-to-UNIX Copy Program

The UNIX-to-UNIX Copy Program (UUCP) lets a system copy files to and from other systems running UUCP. UUCP is usually used to copy files over a dialup connection (see Section 6.9.1).

To route mail using UUCP, ask your system manager to define the general gateway in the SMTP configuration.

To use SMTP to route mail to a system running UUCP, address the mail as follows:

MAIL> SEND
To: SMTP%"user_name!uucp_host"

The following example sends mail to geoffrey at host haldir:

$ MAIL
MAIL> SEND
To: SMTP%"geoffrey!haldir.of.com"

6.9.1 Dialup Connections

Ask your system manager if you need to specify a gateway host in mail addresses when you work on UNIX-to-UNIX Copy Program (UUCP) dialup lines.

The following example sends mail during a dialup connection by specifying a gateway host:

MAIL> SEND
To: gateway_host!crandle!watts
CC:     billw,jenny,ibis
Subj:   Events Schedule

6.10 UCX Management Commands for Mail

You can use the UCX management commands described in Table 6-1 to help you work with SMTP mail messages currently in a queue. Type these commands at the UCX> prompt.

Table 6-1 UCX Commands for Using SMTP
Command Function
SHOW MAIL Displays information about mail
REMOVE MAIL Deletes mail messages that are in holding state in SMTP queues
SEND MAIL Releases for delivery a mail message that is in a holding state

The following subsections describe how to use these commands. For full command descriptions, see the DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Management Command Reference.

6.10.1 Displaying SMTP Mail Status Information

Use the UCX SHOW MAIL command to display information about SMTP mail, such as:

The following examples show how to display SMTP mail status information.

  1. The following command displays information about message 826 in an SMTP queue. By default, the command returns brief information. Specify /FULL for more detailed information, as in the example that follows.
    $ UCX SHOW MAIL /ENTRY=826
     
    SMTP Mail Queue Entry   826    User: MARLOW 
      File: _PLUTO$DKD0:[MARLOW]970207015114579_MARLOW.UCX_PLUTO;1 
      Status: Processing
    
  2. The following command displays detailed information about all your mail. The /RECIPIENT qualifier, used with the /FULL qualifier, displays selected classes of information, depending on the =option value you specify:
    Option Description
    ALL Shows failed, sent, and unsent messages
    FAILED Shows messages that could not be read for a particular recipient
    SENT Shows successful deliveries to a particular recipient
    UNSENT Shows messages that, as yet, are unsent
    $ UCX
    UCX> SHOW MAIL /FULL /RECIPIENT=ALL
     
    SMTP Mail Queue Entry:    826        User: MARLOW 
    File: _PLUTO$DKD0:[MARLOW]970207015114579_MARLOW.UCX_PLUTO;1 
    Status: Processing 
     
    Message Destinations: 
     
        Address:  marlow@pluto 
     
    Message Headers: 
     
        Return Path: ??? 
     
    SMTP Mail Queue Entry:    828       User: MARLOW 
      File: _PLUTO$DKD0:[MARLOW]970207015114580_MARLOW.UCX_PLUTO;1 
      Status: Holding
     
    Message Destinations: 
     
        Address:  marlow@pluto 
     
    Message Headers: 
     
        Return Path: ??? 
     
     
    

6.10.2 Deleting Holding State Mail Messages from SMTP Queues

The following examples show how to delete mail messages from SMTP queues, using the UCX REMOVE command (similar to the DCL DELETE/ENTRY command).


Note

Use this command only to release mail messages that are being held; do not use this command to delete mail messages in the processing state.

  1. The following example deletes mail message 828, a message that is holding (the message corresponds to your process's user name, or you have SYSPRV or BYPASS privileges). You are prompted to confirm that you want the message deleted.
    $ UCX REMOVE MAIL /ENTRY=828
    _PLUTO$DKD0:[MARLOW]970207015114580_MARLOW.UCX_PLUTO;1? y
     
    
  2. This next example removes all messages for your process's user name, or deletes everything in the SMTP queue if you have either SYSPRV or BYPASS privileges. The /NOCONFIRM qualifier prevents UCX from prompting you for confirmation. Before deletion, UCX copies this queued mail to the specified directory.
    $ UCX REMOVE MAIL /NOCONFIRM /COPY=[MARLOW.OLD_MAIL]
    

6.10.3 Releasing Holding State SMTP Mail Messages for Delivery

The following example shows how to requeue an SMTP mail message that is currently holding, using the UCX SEND MAIL command (similar to the DCL ENTRY/RELEASE command). You are prompted to confirm you want the mail message requeued.

$ UCX SEND MAIL /ENTRY=828
_PLUTO$DKD0:[MARLOW]970207015114580_MARLOW.UCX_PLUTO;1? y
 


Chapter 7
Printing Files Using LPR/LPD

The Line Printer/Line Printer Daemon (LPR/LPD) of the DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS software supports the DCL PRINT, lpr, LPQ, and LPRM commands for remote printing.

The LPR/LPD service allows you access to print queues on remote hosts and allows users on remote hosts to access print queues on your system.

You can also use FTP to print remote files on your local host and local files on a remote host. To determine the best service to use for your printing needs, see Section 1.1. For more information about FTP, see Chapter 3.

What You Can Do

The following table lists network printing services you can perform and the sections that explain how to use them.
Capability Section
Send print jobs to a printer connected to a remote internet host 7.1
Display print queue status 7.2
Cancel print jobs 7.3
Receive on local (OpenVMS system) print queues print jobs initiated from a user on a UNIX system 7.4
Get a "finished" notification through SMTP mail 7.1.2.2

What You Need

To use the DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS network printer services, you need the following:

The LPR/LPD software must be configured on your OpenVMS system.

Command Summary

To use the remote printing features, issue the commands summarized in Table 7_1 (for complete command descriptions, see Section 7.6).

Table 7-1 Network Printing Commands: Summary
DCL Command UNIX Command Description
PRINT
(See the OpenVMS documentation.)
lpr
(See the UNIX documentation.)
Prints files
LPQ lpq Displays the status of a remote print queue
LPRM lprm Removes jobs from a remote print queue

7.1 Printing at Remote Print Queues

Your system manager can configure your system with LPR/LPD network services that allow you to use the DCL PRINT command to send print jobs to a print queue on a remote internet host. The remote host can be a UNIX system or another OpenVMS system running LPR/LPD.

You print a local file at a printer on a remote host by specifying the remote queue name defined on your local host (see your system manager for queue names). LPD copies the file to the appropriate remote printer's spool directory. A copy of the file to be printed remains in the spooling queue until the printer is ready to print it.

When you issue the DCL PRINT command to send a print job to a remote print queue, you use the /QUEUE qualifier to specify the queue name plus any of the following qualifiers:
/AFTER /BACKUP /BEFORE
/BY_OWNER /CONFIRM /COPIES
/CREATED /DELETE /EXCLUDE
/EXPIRED /FORM /HEADER
/HOLD /IDENTIFY /JOB_COUNT
/MODIFIED /NAME /NOTE
/OPERATOR /PARAMETERS /PASSALL
/PRIORITY /QUEUE /SETUP
/SINCE /USER /WIDTH

Two of these qualifiers work differently with DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS software than they do in a OpenVMS environment without TCP/IP support. These two qualifiers are:

The following sections discuss the unique features of these two qualifiers when used for remote printing.


Note

DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS software does not support layup definition files for print requests to remote print queues. A layup definition file sets up the layup features: borders, sheet margins, alternating margins, pages per sheet, first page, page order, and page grid.

7.1.1 PRINT Command: /FORM Qualifier

The DCL PRINT /FORM command customizes the look of the printed page. This qualifier associates a form other than the default with the print job.

To see which forms are defined for your system, type:

$ SHOW QUEUE queue /FORM 

To find out the currently mounted form or the default form, issue:

$ SHOW QUEUE queue /FULL 

If the FORM associated with a remote LPD queue specifies a /WIDTH value that is not the standard 132, LPD sends a "W" card in the job's control file with the width specified in the form.

7.1.2 PRINT Command: /PARAMETERS Qualifier

DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS software supports numerous options for the DCL PRINT /PARAMETERS=(option=value) command. For example, it supports the PAGE_SIZE option as follows:

$ PRINT/PARAMETERS=(PAGE_SIZE=size) /QUEUE=queue_name filename 

When you type PRINT /PARAMETERS=(option=value), enclose the following in quotation marks:

You can use the following /PARAMETERS options for both local printing (standard DCL PRINT) and remote printing (DCL PRINT with LPR/LPD network services).
DATA_TYPE NUMBER_UP PAGE_LIMIT
PAGE_ORIENTATION PAGE_SIZE SHEET_COUNT
SHEET_SIZE SIDES

For a full description of the options supported for DCL local as well as remote printing, type the following command.

$ HELP PRINT_PARAMETER 

Note

This help is available only if the DECprint Supervisor (DCPS) software is installed on your system. See your system manager for more information.


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