HP OpenVMS System Management Utilities Reference Manual
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/SIZE

Command Qualifier

The logical volume size is recorded in the save-set header during a backup operation. By default, during a restore operation, the logical volume size is not preserved because restoring a save set of 2 GB to a 4-GB disk, for example, results in only 2 GB of available disk space.

The /SIZE qualifier, however, allows you to preserve the logical volume size on the target device. Alternatively, you can specify the logical volume size of the target device by using the optional keyword value n.

Format

/SIZE(=[n])

Description

When you specify /SIZE, the geometry of the target device is determined by the logical size of the source original rather than calling $GETDVI to find out the physical limits of the device.

The /SIZE qualifier can use an optional value n as the new logical size of the target device. This new value overrides any existing value in the save set. (This matches the way the /SIZE qualifier in the INITIALIZE utility works.)

Example


$ BACKUP LEEHE.BCK/SAVE DKA100:/IMAGE/SIZE=8000000

In this example, a save set is restored to device DKA100. The operation initializes the logical volume size of DKA100 to be 8,000,000 blocks.

/TAPE_EXPIRATION

Output Save-Set Qualifier

Writes a file expiration date other than the current date to the file header label of the save set.

Format

input-specifier output-save-set-spec/TAPE_EXPIRATION[=date]

Description

When you specify the output save-set qualifier /REWIND during a save operation to magnetic tape, BACKUP checks that the expiration date of the first file on the tape has expired before initializing the tape. Initializing the tape removes access to data previously stored on the tape.

HP recommends that you specify an expiration date whenever you create a BACKUP save set on magnetic tape using /REWIND. Daily BACKUP tapes should expire in seven days, weekly BACKUP tapes should expire in one month, and monthly BACKUP tapes should expire in one year.

Specify the date in the following format: 


dd:mmm:yyyy
where:
dd is the date.
mmm is a 3-letter abbreviation of the month.
yyyy is the year.

BACKUP writes the expiration date into the file's HDR1 ANSI label on the tape. If you do not use the /TAPE_EXPIRATION qualifier, BACKUP uses today's date as the expiration date.

Example


$ BACKUP DBA1:                    
_To: MTA0:13SEPBAK.BCK/REWIND/TAPE_EXPIRATION=20-SEP-2002/LABEL=SEPW02

In this example, the save set file 13SEPBAK.BCK receives an expiration date of September 20, 2002. Becauses this command includes the /REWIND qualifier, 13NOVBAK.BCK is the first file on the tape and its expiration date indicates that the tape expires after seven days.

/TRUNCATE

Command Qualifier

Controls whether a copy or restore operation truncates a sequential output file at the end-of-file (EOF) when creating it.

Format

/[NO]TRUNCATE input-specifier output-specifier

Description

By default, a copy or restore operation uses the allocation of the input file to determine the size of the output file. Specify /TRUNCATE if you want the output files to be truncated at the end-of-file (EOF).

Example


$ DIRECTORY/SIZE [FRANKIE]ORIGINAL.DAT
Directory DMA0:[FRANKIE]
ORIGINAL.DAT          35
Total of 1 file, 35 blocks
$ COPY ORIGINAL.DAT EXTENDED.DAT/ALLOCATION=500
$ BACKUP [FRANKIE]EXTENDED.DAT MFA0:20JUL.BCK/LABEL=WKLY03
$ BACKUP/TRUNCATE MFA0:20JUL.BCK/LABEL=WKLY03  DMA0:[FRANKIE]

This sequence of commands performs the following tasks:

/VERIFY

Command Qualifier

Specifies that the contents of the output specifier be compared with the contents of the input specifier after a save, restore, or copy operation is completed.

Format

/VERIFY input-specifier output-specifier

Description

The /VERIFY qualifier is different from the command qualifier /COMPARE. Unlike the /VERIFY qualifier, the command qualifier /COMPARE cannot be used in a save, restore, copy, or list operation. The /VERIFY qualifier directs BACKUP to perform the copy, save, or restore operation first and then to perform the compare operation.

On file-structured copy operations, each file is compared after it is copied. On physical copy operations, the volume is compared after it is copied. For a save or restore operation, the verification is performed in a separate pass and is preceded by the following informational message: 


%BACKUP-I-STARTVERIFY, starting verification pass

If a file does not compare successfully, BACKUP displays the following error message: 


%BACKUP-E-VERIFYERR, verification error for block 'block-number' 
of 'disk:[directory]file_name.file_type;version_number'

The /VERIFY qualifier does not work on a restore or copy operation when the /NEW_VERSION output file qualifier is also used. Because the /NEW_VERSION qualifier reassigns output file versions, it is not possible to correctly associate the created output files with the input files from which they were copied.

Example


$ BACKUP/VERIFY/LOG *.LIS MFA0:LIST.BCK
%BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]CRE.LIS;1
%BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]CRETIME.LIS;1
%BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]EXC.LIS;1
%BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]NOREB.LIS;1
%BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]REB.LIS;1
%BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]SETREB.LIS;1
%BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]VERS.LIS;1
 
%BACKUP-I-STARTVERIFY, starting verification pass
%BACKUP-S-COMPARED, compared DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]CRE.LIS;1
%BACKUP-S-COMPARED, compared DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]CRETIME.LIS;1
%BACKUP-S-COMPARED, compared DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]EXC.LIS;1
%BACKUP-S-COMPARED, compared DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]NOREB.LIS;1
%BACKUP-S-COMPARED, compared DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]REB.LIS;1
%BACKUP-S-COMPARED, compared DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]SETREB.LIS;1
%BACKUP-S-COMPARED, compared DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]VERS.LIS;1

This example creates a magnetic tape save set on MFA0 and starts the verification pass after the save operation is completed. The /LOG qualifier displays the file names as they are processed.

/VOLUME

Command Qualifier

Indicates that a specific disk volume in a disk volume set is to be processed. The /VOLUME qualifier is valid only when used with the /IMAGE qualifier.

Format

/IMAGE/VOLUME= n input-specifier output-specifier

Description

The /VOLUME qualifier allows you to perform an image save, restore, or copy operation using one more disk drive than the number of disks in the input volume set. When you use /VOLUME, you must write-lock the entire input volume set.

When you perform an image copy or save operation with the /VOLUME qualifier, all disks in the input volume set must be mounted. Mount the volumes of the target volume set one at a time. Enter a separate BACKUP command for each disk in the input volume set. A save set created with the /VOLUME qualifier must be restored using the /VOLUME qualifier.

You can restore any image save set with the /VOLUME qualifier. All disks in the output volume set must be mounted. Mount the disks in the input volume set one at a time. You cannot use the command qualifier /NOINITIALIZE in the restore operation with the command qualifier /VOLUME.

In a compare operation that uses the /VOLUME qualifier to compare two disk volume sets, all disks in both volume sets must be mounted. In a selected-volume compare operation between a save set on tape and a disk volume set, all disks in the disk volume set must be mounted.

Example


$ BACKUP/IMAGE/VOLUME=3 DISK$PUBLIC DRA1:

This command creates a functionally equivalent copy of the third volume of a volume set named DISK$PUBLIC to DRA1. The disk mounted in DRA1 becomes the third volume of the image-copy volume set.

Examples

#1 

$ BACKUP
_From: DBA1:[000000...]
_To: MTA0:13NOVBAK.BCK,MTA1:/LABEL=(DLY101,DLY102)

This BACKUP command saves the entire contents of the disk DBA1 onto a multivolume tape save set. This command does not initialize the first tape in the save set, but does initialize subsequent tapes. The first tape in the save set must be labeled DLY101 and the second tape in the save set must be labeled DLY102.

#2 

$ BACKUP [PLI.WORK]/SINCE=YESTERDAY/MODIFIED [PLI.SAV]

This BACKUP command copies selected files in the directory [PLI.WORK] to the directory [PLI.SAV]. BACKUP processes only those files that have been modified since 24 hours preceding midnight last night. Note that the /MODIFIED qualifier is not required, as its action is the default when the /SINCE qualifier is specified.

#3 

$ BACKUP DBA2:[PLI.WORK]*.*;  DBA3:[SAVE]23MAR82.BCK/SAVE_SET

This BACKUP command saves the highest version of each file in directory [PLI.WORK] to a disk save set on DBA3. The /SAVE_SET qualifier is required because the output save set is on a Files-11 disk.

#4 

$ BACKUP/PHYSICAL DYA0:  DYA1:

This BACKUP command copies the entire RX02 floppy disk mounted on device DYA0 to the RX02 floppy disk mounted on device DYA1. Both devices must have been mounted with the DCL command MOUNT/FOREIGN.

#5 

$ BACKUP
_From: DB1:[SCHED]*.*
_To: DENVER::DBA2:[SAVE]SCH.BCK/SAVE_SET

This BACKUP command saves all files in the directory SCHED on disk DB1 at the local node to the network save set SCH.BCK at remote node DENVER. The /SAVE_SET qualifier is required to identify the output specifier as a save set on a Files-11 disk.

#6 

$ BACKUP/LIST DENVER::DBA2:[SAVE]SCH.BCK/SAVE_SET

This BACKUP command lists the BACKUP summary information, the original BACKUP command used, and the file name, size, and creation date for each file in the save set created in the previous example. The /SAVE_SET qualifier is required to identify the input specifier as a save set on a Files-11 device.

#7 

$ BACKUP MTA0:NOV2SAVE.BCK/REWIND/SELECT=[USER...] [USER...]

This command restores files from the magnetic tape save set named NOV2SAVE.BCK to the directory tree from which they were saved (the [USER] directory tree). The /REWIND qualifier directs BACKUP to rewind the tape to the beginning-of-tape before beginning the restore operation.

#8 

$ BACKUP WORK$:[TESTFILES...]*.*;*  MUA0:TEST.SAV  -
_$ /MEDIA_FORMAT=COMPACTION /REWIND

This command saves all files in the directory [TESTFILES] and its subdirectories to a save set named TEST.SAV using a TA90E tape drive. The /MEDIA_FORMAT=COMPACTION qualifier specifies that the tape drive automatically compacts and blocks together data records on the tape.

#9 

$ BACKUP/IMAGE/RECORD/VERIFY/NOASSIST
_From: DKA100:
_To: MKB100:MAR11.SAV/LABEL=(TAPE1,TAPE2,TAPE3)/EXACT_ORDER

This example uses the /EXACT_ORDER qualifier to specify the exact order of labels for the BACKUP operation. Note that if you specify the /ASSIST qualifier, BACKUP would display messages on the operator terminal. BACKUP performs the following tasks:

  1. Compares the volume label of the tape in MKB100: with the first label that you specified on the command line (TAPE1). If the labels match exactly, BACKUP begins the save operation. If the labels do not match or if the tape does not have an ANSI label, BACKUP displays the following message: 


    %BACKUP-W-MOUNTERR, volume 1 on MKB100: was not mounted because 
 its label does not match the one requested 
%BACKUP-W-EXLABEER, volume label processing failed because 
 volume TAPE4 is out of order, Volume label TAPE1 was expected 
 specify option (QUIT, NEW tape, OVERWRITE tape, USE loaded tape) 
BACKUP> OVERWRITE

    Depending on the option you specify, you can quit the backup operation (QUIT), dismount the old tape and mount a new one (NEW), overwrite the label and the data on the tape (OVERWRITE), or write the data to the tape using the loaded tape's label (USE).

  2. When the operation fills the first tape, it displays the following message: 


    %BACKUP-I-RESUME, resuming operation on volume 2 
%BACKUP-I-READYWRITE, mount volume TAPE2 on MKB100: for writing 
Respond with YES when ready:

  3. When you load the second tape and enter YES, BACKUP compares the label of the second tape with the second label you specified on the command line (TAPE2) just as it did in step 1a.
  4. Assuming the volume labels match, BACKUP continues processing until it completes the operation or runs out of volume labels. If you do not specify enough labels on the command line to complete the operation, BACKUP prompts you to enter a label for the tape in the drive as follows: 


    %BACKUP-W-MOUNTERR, volume 4 on MKB100: was not mounted because 
 the label was not specified 
 specify EXACT_ORDER label (up to 6 characters) 
BACKUP>

    BACKUP then compares the label on the tape with label you specify as described previously.

#10 

$ BACKUP/IMAGE/RECORD/VERIFY/NOASSIST
_From: DKA100:[TEST]
_To: MKB100:MAR11.SAV/EXACT_ORDER

Because this example does not use the /LABEL qualifier, BACKUP uses the existing label on the tape. If the tape does not have an ANSI label, and it is the first tape in the operation, BACKUP displays the following error message: 


%BACKUP-F-NOTANSI, tape is not valid ANSI format

If the tape does not have an ANSI label, and is not the first tape in the operation, BACKUP displays the following error message prompting you to specify a label: 


%BACKUP-W-MOUNTERR, volume 2 on MKB100: was not mounted because 
 the label was not specified 
 specify EXACT_ORDER label (up to 6 characters) 
BACKUP>

Note
BACKUP checks to make sure you specify a valid label. If the label is not valid (for example, longer than six characters), BACKUP displays an error message. In previous versions of the OpenVMS operating system, BACKUP truncated long volume labels.

/WINDOW

Specifies the number of mapping pointers to be allocated for file windows.

Format

/WINDOW=[FULL]LIMITED

Description

By default, file window has 7 mapping pointers and it increases as file is more fragmented. Window is taken from nonpaged pool and is charged against process BYTLM quota. This may result in performance degrade when BACKUP tries to map the 8th extent of the file. Contiguous files are always completely mapped, but noncontiguous files may or may not be completely mapped.

You can use the following keywords with the /WINDOW qualifier:
FULL Default full mapping.
LIMITED Optional limited size window.

7.6 BACKUP Examples

Table 7-3 shows BACKUP command formats for save operations and some of the qualifiers you can use with a save operation.

Table 7-3 Save Operation Quick Reference
Command Action Command Format and Example
Saves a file to a save set on magnetic tape BACKUP file-spec save-set-specifier/LABEL=label
$ BACKUP STRATDAT1.DAT MTA0:STRATDAT1.BCK/LABEL=TAPE01
   
Saves the most recent versions of files in a directory to magnetic tape BACKUP [directory]*.*; save-set-specifier/LABEL=label
$ BACKUP [LYKINS...]*.*; MTA0:1409MAR17.BCK/LABEL=WKY102
   
Saves a disk volume to a save set on magnetic tape BACKUP/IMAGE ddcu: save-set-specifier/LABEL=label
$ BACKUP/IMAGE DBA1: MTA0:000FEB4.BCK/LABEL=MTH101
   
Saves a disk volume to a multivolume save set on more than one magnetic tape drive BACKUP/IMAGE ddcu: save-set-specifier,ddcu:.../LABEL=(label1,...)
$ BACKUP/IMAGE DBA1: MTA0:17MAR.BCK,MTA1:/ -
_$ LABEL=(WKY101,WKY102)
   
Saves a list of files to a save set on magnetic tape BACKUP file-spec,file-spec,... save-set-specifier/LABEL=label
$ BACKUP DBA1:[LYKINS...]*.PAS,DMA0:[DAKOTA...]*.PAS -
_$ MTA0:PAS17MAR.BCK/LABEL=TAPE01
   
Saves a disk volume for incremental backups for the first time BACKUP/RECORD/IMAGE/LOG ddcu: save-set-specifier/LABEL=label
$ BACKUP/RECORD/IMAGE/LOG DBA1: MTA0:985FEB4.BCK/ -
_$ LABEL=DLY101
   
Saves a disk volume for incremental backups (not the first time) BACKUP/RECORD/FAST/LOG ddcu:[*...]/SINCE=BACKUP save-set-specifier/LABEL=label
$ BACKUP/RECORD/FAST/LOG DBA1:[*...]/SINCE=BACKUP -
_$ MTA0:988FEB4.BCK/LABEL=DLY101
   
Saves an unstructured disk volume BACKUP/PHYSICAL ddcu: save-set-specifier/LABEL=label
$ BACKUP/PHYSICAL DMA1: MTA0:985FEB4.BCK/LABEL=MTH101
   
Saves a directory to a save set on a Files--11 disk BACKUP [directory] save-set-specifier/SAVE_SET
$ BACKUP [LYKINS] DBA2:[BACKUP]1609FEB3.BCK/SAVE_SET
   
Saves a directory tree to a save set on magnetic tape BACKUP [directory...] save-set-specifier/LABEL=label
$ BACKUP [LYKINS...] MTA0:1612FEB3.BCK/LABEL=TAPE01
   
Saves a directory tree to a save set on magnetic tape and creates a listing file BACKUP/LIST=file-spec [directory...] save-set-specifier/LABEL=label
$ BACKUP/LIST=8SEP.LOG [LYKINS...] MTA0:8SEP.BCK/LABEL=WKL101
   
Saves a directory tree to a save set on magnetic tape using data compaction to increase the amount of data stored on a tape cartridge BACKUP [directory...] save-set-specifier/MEDIA_FORMAT=COMPACTION
$ BACKUP [TESTFILES...]*.*;* MUA0:TEST.SAV/MEDIA_FORMAT=COMPACTION/REWIND

Table 7-4 shows BACKUP command formats for restore operations and some of the qualifiers you can use with restore operations. In the examples in this table, it is assumed that save sets already exist on the magnetic tape and disk.

Table 7-4 Restore Operation Quick Reference
Command Action Command Format and Example
Restores from save set on disk to Files--11 disk with original UICs BACKUP save-set-specifier/SAVE_SET ddcu:[*...]/BY_OWNER=ORIGINAL
$ BACKUP DBA2:[BACKUP]FEB2.BCK/SAVE_SET DBA1:[*...]-
_$/BY_OWNER=ORIGINAL
   
Restores from a save set on magnetic tape to a Files--11 disk with original UICs BACKUP save-set-specifier ddcu:[*...]/BY_OWNER=ORIGINAL
$ BACKUP MTA0:1618FEB2.BCK DBA1:[*...]/BY_OWNER=ORIGINAL
   
Restores a selected file in a save set on magnetic tape to a Files--11 disk BACKUP save-set-specifier/SELECT=file-spec file-spec
$ BACKUP MTA0:FEB2.BCK/SELECT=[POUDRE]UPLIFT.PAS -
_$ DBA1:[GEO.PAS]UPLIFT.PAS
   
Restores files with a specific UIC to a Files--11 disk BACKUP save-set-specifier/BY_OWNER=[uic] file-spec
$ BACKUP MTA0:1641FEB2.BCK/BY_OWNER=[360,052] -
_$ DBA1:[LYKINS...]
   
Restores files to a Files--11 disk with a new UIC BACKUP save-set-specifier file-spec/BY_OWNER=[uic]
$ BACKUP MTA0:1641FEB2.BCK -
_$ DBA1:[TESTS...]/BY_OWNER=[100,150]
   
Restores files to a Files--11 disk; if file exists, creates new version BACKUP save-set-specifier file-spec/NEW_VERSION
$ BACKUP MTA0:1641FEB2.BCK DBA1:[LYKINS...]/NEW_VERSION
   
Restores files to a Files--11 disk; if file exists, replaces with new version BACKUP save-set-specifier file-spec/REPLACE
$ BACKUP MTA0:1641FEB2.BCK DBA1:[LYKINS...]/REPLACE
   
Restores files to a Files--11 disk selecting certain files BACKUP save-set-specifier/SELECT=file-spec file-spec
$ BACKUP MTA0:1641FEB2.BCK/SELECT=[LYKINS.PAS] -
_$ DBA1:[LYKINS...]
   
Restores a directory tree, placing files in a different subtree BACKUP save-set-specifier/SELECT=[directory...] [directory2...]
$ BACKUP MTA0:1641FEB2.BCK/SELECT=[FIELD...] -
_$ DBA1:[LYKINS.NEWDATA...]
   
Restores a Files--11 volume from a physical save set BACKUP/PHYSICAL save-set-specifier ddcu:
$ BACKUP/PHYSICAL MTA0:26MAR.BCK DMA3:
   
Restores a Files--11 volume from an image save set BACKUP/IMAGE save-set-specifier ddcu:
$ BACKUP/IMAGE MTA0:17AUG.BCK DRA3:
   
Restores a Files--11 volume, maintaining the initialization parameters specified in the DCL command INITIALIZE INITIALIZE ddcu: volume-name/new-parameters
MOUNT/FOREIGN ddcu:
BACKUP/IMAGE save-set-specifier ddcu:/NOINITIALIZE
$ INITIALIZE DBA1: UTTLPACK/CLUSTER=5
$ MOUNT/FOREIGN DBA1:
$ BACKUP/IMAGE MTA0:17AUG.BCK DBA1:/NOINITIALIZE

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