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9.4 ÒÔÅúÁ¿×÷Òµ·½Ê½ÔËÐÐ Sort

ÅúÁ¿×÷ÒµÊǶÀÁ¢ÓÚµ±Ç°¶Ô»°ÆÚ¶øÔËÐеijÌÐò»ò DCL ÃüÁî¹ý³Ì¡£Èç¹ûÒªÅÅÐò´óÎļþ£¬ÄÇô¿¼ÂÇ°Ñ Sort ²Ù×÷ÌύΪһ¸öÅúÁ¿×÷Òµ£¬ÒòΪÅÅÐò½«ÐèҪһЩʱ¼ä¡£ÓйØÅúÁ¿×÷ÒµºÍÃüÁî¹ý³ÌµÄÏêÇ飬Çë²ÎÔÄ µÚ 16 Õ ¡¢µÚ 13 ÕÂºÍµÚ 14 Õ¡£

9.4.1 ÃüÁî¹ý³Ì

ÔÚÃüÁî¹ý³ÌÖÐÖ¸¶¨ SORT ÃüÁ¾ÍÏóÔÚÆÁÄ»ÉÏдÈëËü¡£Èç¹ûĬÈÏĿ¼²»°üº¬ÒªÅÅÐòµÄÎļþ£¬¾ÍÃ÷È·µØÔÚÃüÁî¹ý³ÌÖÐÉèÖÃĬÈÏĿ¼£¬»òÕßÔÚÃüÁîÎļþ˵Ã÷ÖаüÀ¨Õâ¸öĿ¼¡£

ÒÔÏÂÀý×ÓÌá½» DCL ÃüÁî¹ý³Ì SORTJOB.COM Ϊһ¸öÅúÁ¿×÷Òµ¡£ÔÚÃüÁîÐкó£¬Õ¹Ê¾ÃüÁî¹ý³ÌµÄÎı¾:


$ SUBMIT SORTJOB


! SORTJOB.COM
!
$ SET DEFAULT [USER.PER]   ! Set default to location of input
$ SORT/KEY=(POSITION:10,SIZE:15) EMPLOYEE.LST BYNAME.LST
$ TYPE BYNAME.LST
$ EXIT

9.4.2 °üÀ¨ÊäÈë¼Ç¼

ÔÚÅúÁ¿×÷ÒµÖпÉÒÔ°üÀ¨ÊäÈë¼Ç¼£¬°ÑËüÃÇ·ÅÔÚ SORT ÃüÁîÖ®ºó£¬Ã¿ÐÐÒ»¸ö¼Ç¼¡£¸ö±ðÅÅÐò¼Ç¼¿ÉÒÔ±ÈÒ»Ðг¤¡£

ÈçͬʹÓÃÖÕ¶ËÊäÈë¼Ç¼£¬Ö¸¶¨ÊäÈëÎļþ²ÎÊýΪ SYS$INPUT¡£Ê¹Óà /FORMAT ÏÞ¶¨´ÊÖ¸¶¨ÒÔ×Ö½ÚΪµ¥Î»µÄ¼Ç¼´óСºÍÒÔ¿éΪµ¥Î»µÄ½üËÆÎļþ´óС¡£´óÔ¼ 6 ¸ö 80 ¸ö×Ö·ûÐеÈÓÚÒ»¿é¡£

ÒÔÏÂÀý×Óʾ·¶ÔÚÃüÁî¹ý³ÌÖаüÀ¨ÊäÈë¼Ç¼:


$ SUBMIT SORTJOB


! SORTJOB.COM
!
$ SET DEFAULT [USER.PER]
$ SORT/KEY=(POSITION:10,SIZE:15) -
SYS$INPUT-
/FORMAT=(RECORD_SIZE:24,FILE_SIZE:10) -
BYNAME.LST
$ DECK
BST 7828 MCMAHON JANE
ADM 7933 ROSENBERG HARRY
COM 8102 KNIGHT MARTHA
ANS 8042 BENTLEY PETER
BIO 7951 LOWELL FRANK
$ EOD

9.5 ºÏ²¢Îļþ

MERGE ÃüÁî°Ñ¶à´ï 10 ¸ö (¸ßÐÔÄÜ Sort/Merge ¹«ÓóÌÐòÖ§³Ö¶à´ï 12 ¸ö) ÅÅÐòµÄÎļþ×éºÏ³ÉÒ»¸öÅÅÐòµÄÊä³öÎļþ¡£¿ÉÒԺϲ¢¾ßÓÐͬÑù¸ñʽºÍͨ¹ýͬÑù¼ü×Ö¶ÎÅÅÐòµÄÊäÈëÎļþ¡£

°´ÕÕĬÈÏ£¬Merge ¼ì²éÊäÈëÎļþÖмǼµÄ˳Ðò£¬ÒÔÈ·ÐÅËüÃÇÊÇÒÑÅÅÐòµÄ¡£Èç¹û²»Òª Merge ¼ì²é´ÎÐò£¬¾ÍÖ¸¶¨ /NOCHECK_SEQUENCE ÏÞ¶¨´Ê¡£Èç¹ûÖ¸¶¨ /CHECK_SEQUENCE ÏÞ¶¨´Ê¶øÒ»¸ö¼Ç¼´ÎÐòµßµ¹ (ÀýÈ磬Èç¹ûûÓÐÅÅÐòÒ»¸öÊäÈëÎļþ)£¬Merge ¾Í±¨¸æÒÔϳö´í:


%SORT-W-BAD_ORDER, merge input is out of order
¡¡

ʹÓà MERGE ÃüÁîʱ¿ÉÒÔ´øÓë SORT ÃüÁîͬÑùµÄÏÞ¶¨´Ê£¬µ«ÓÐÁ½¸öÀýÍâ:

  • ²»ÄÜΪ Merge ²Ù×÷Ö¸¶¨Ò»¸ö½ø³Ì (/PROCESS)¡£
  • /CHECK_SEQUENCE ÏÞ¶¨´ÊÖ»ÓÃÓںϲ¢²Ù×÷¡£

ÔÚÒÔÏÂÀý×ÓÖУ¬Îļþ BYNAME1.LST ºÍ BYNAME2.LST ÒѾ­°´¹ÍÔ±ÃûÉýÐòÅÅÐò¡£Õ¹Ê¾µÄÃüÁËüÃǺϲ¢:


$ MERGE BYNAME1.LST,BYNAME2.LST BYNAME3.LST

Êä³öÎļþ BYNAME3.LST °üº¬À´×ÔÕâÁ½¸öÎļþ (¼´£¬BYNAME1.LST ºÍ BYNAME2.LST) µÄËùÓмǼ£¬ÈçÏÂͼËùʾ:


9.5.1 ÅÅÐòµÄÎļþ

ÒªºÏ²¢Ê¹ÓÃÌض¨¼üÅÅÐòµÄÎļþ£¬±ØÐëÔÚ MERGE ÃüÁîÐÐÉÏ¶Ô /KEY ÏÞ¶¨´ÊÖ¸¶¨Í¬ÑùµÄ¼ü¡£

Èç¹û²»Ö¸¶¨Ò»¸ö¼ü£¬Merge ʹÓà 9.2 ½ÚÃèÊöµÄĬÈϼü¡£

ÔÚÒÔÏÂÀý×ÓÖУ¬Îļþ BILLING1.LST ºÍ BILLING4.LST °´ÕʺÅÅÅÐò (/KEY=POSITION:5,SIZE:4,DECIMAL)¡£Òª°ÑÕâЩÎļþºÏ²¢µ½Êä³öÎļþ MAILING.LST£¬ÊäÈëÒÔÏÂÃüÁîÐÐ:


$ MERGE/KEY=(POSITION:5,SIZE:4,DECIMAL) -
_$ BILLING1.LST,BILLING4.LST MAILING.LST

ºÏ²¢½á¹ûÈçÏÂËùʾ:


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9.5.2 ͬÑùµÄ¼ü×Ö¶Î

Èçͬ Sort ²Ù×÷£¬µ±ÊäÈëÎļþ°üº¬Í¬¼üµÄ×ֶμǼʱ£¬Merge ²»±Øά³Ö¼Ç¼ÔÚÊäÈëÎļþÖеÄͬÑù´ÎÐò¡£ÒªÎ¬³Öͬ¼ü¼Ç¼µÄÊäÈë´ÎÐò£¬ÔÚ MERGE ÃüÁîÐÐÉÏÖ¸¶¨ /STABLE ÏÞ¶¨´Ê¡£Ö»Òª±£Áôͬ¼ü¼Ç¼µÄÒ»¸ö¸±±¾£¬Ö¸¶¨ /NODUPLICATES ÏÞ¶¨´Ê¡£

9.6 ´ÓÖÕ¶ËÊäÈë¼Ç¼

ÏëÒªÅÅÐò»òºÏ²¢µÄ¼Ç¼²»Ò»¶¨À´×ÔÒ»¸öÎļþ¡£µ±ÊäÈë SORT »ò MERGE ÃüÁîʱ£¬¿ÉÒÔÖ±½Ó´ÓÖÕ¶ËÊäÈë¼Ç¼¡£ÒÔϱí¸ñÃèÊöÕâ¸ö¹ý³Ì:

²½Öè ÈÎÎñ
1 ÔÚ SORT »ò MERGE ÃüÁîÐÐÉÏ£¬Ö¸¶¨ SYS$INPUT ΪÊäÈëÎļþ¡£

ʹÓÃÊäÈëÎļþÏÞ¶¨´Ê /FORMAT Ö¸¶¨ÒÔ×Ö½ÚΪµ¥Î»µÄ×¼Ç¼´óС£¬ºÍÊäÈëÎļþÒÔ¿éΪµ¥Î»µÄ½üËÆ´óС¡£

2 ÔÚÁ¬ÐøÐÐÉÏÊäÈë¼Ç¼¡£

ÿ°´Ï Return ¾Í½áÊøÒ»¸ö¼Ç¼¡£

3 °´Ï Ctrl/Z ½áÊøÎļþ¡£

ÒÔÏÂÀý×Óʾ·¶Ò»¸ö Sort ²Ù×÷£¬ËüÅÅÐòµÄÊäÈë¼Ç¼ֱ½Ó´ÓÖÕ¶ËÊäÈë:


$ SORT/KEY=(POSITION:8,SIZE:15) -
_$ SYS$INPUT/FORMAT=(RECORD_SIZE:24,FILE_SIZE:10) BYNAME.LST
BST 7828 MCMAHON JANE
ADM 7933 ROSENBERG HARRY
COM 8102 KNIGHT MARTHA
ANS 8042 BENTLEY PETER
BIO 7951 LOWELL FRANK

Õâ´®ÃüÁÁ¢°üº¬ÅÅÐò¼Ç¼µÄÊä³öÎļþ BYNAME.LST¡£

9.7 ʹÓà Sort/Merge ˵Ã÷Îļþ

Sort/Merge ÔÊÐíÄúÔÚ˵Ã÷ÎļþÖÐά»¤ÅÅÐò¶¨Ò壬²¢Ö¸¶¨¸ü¸´ÔÓµÄÅÅÐò×¼Ôò¡£(¸ßÐÔÄÜ Sort/Merge ¹«ÓóÌÐò²»Ö§³Ö˵Ã÷Îļþ¡£¶ÔÕâ¸öÌØÐÔµÄʵÏÖÁô´ý½«À´µÄ OpenVMS Alpha ·¢Ðа汾¡£) ¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÈκαê×¼±à¼­³ÌÐò£¬»ò DCL CREATE ÃüÁÁ¢Ò»¸ö˵Ã÷Îļþ¡£

Sort/Merge ˵Ã÷ÎļþÔÊÐíÄú:

  • Ñ¡Ôñ Sort/Merge ²Ù×÷°üÀ¨µÄ¼Ç¼
  • ÖØиñʽ»¯Êä³öÎļþµÄ¼Ç¼
  • ʹÓÃÌõ¼þ¼ü»òÊý¾Ý
  • Ö¸¶¨¶à¸ö¼Ç¼¸ñʽ
  • ½¨Á¢»òÐÞ¸ÄÒ»¸ö±È½Ï˳Ðò
  • ÖØÐÂÖ¸Åɹ¤×÷Îļþ
  • ´æ´¢Æµ·±Ê¹ÓÃµÄ Sort/Merge ²Ù×÷

ÔÚÍê³É˵Ã÷Îļþºó£¬Ê¹Óà /SPECIFICATION ÏÞ¶¨´ÊÖ¸¶¨ÎļþÃû¡£ËµÃ÷ÎļþµÄĬÈÏÎļþÀàÐÍÊÇ .SRT¡£

˵Ã÷ÎļþµÄÿ¸öÃüÁîÓ¦¸ÃÒÔÒ»¸öб¸Ü (/) ¿ªÊ¼¡£Èç¹ûÒ»¸öÃüÁî¿çÔ½Ò»ÐÐÒÔÉÏ£¬²»ÐèÒªÁ¬Ðø×Ö·û¡£

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ÔÚ˵Ã÷ÎļþʹÓõÄÐí¶àÏÞ¶¨´ÊÀàËÆÓÚÔÚ Sort/Merge ÃüÁîÐÐʹÓÃµÄ DCL ÏÞ¶¨´Ê¡£È»¶ø£¬Òª×¢ÒâÕâЩÏÞ¶¨´ÊµÄÓï·¨¿ÉÒÔ²»Í¬¡£ÀýÈ磬ÔÚ DCL ¼¶µÄ /KEY ÏÞ¶¨´ÊÓëÔÚ˵Ã÷ÎļþÖÐµÄ /KEY ÏÞ¶¨´ÊÓв»Í¬µÄÓï·¨¡£ÓйØ˵Ã÷ÎļþÏÞ¶¨´ÊµÄ¸ÅÒª£¬Çë²ÎÔÄ 9.9.3 ½Ú¡£

ÔÚÃüÁîÐÐÖÐÖ¸¶¨µÄÈκΠDCL ÃüÁîÏÞ¶¨´ÊÈ¡´úÔÚ˵Ã÷ÎļþÖеÄÏàÓ¦ÌõÄ¿¡£ÀýÈ磬Èç¹ûÔÚ DCL ÃüÁîÐÐÖÐÖ¸¶¨ /KEY ÏÞ¶¨´Ê£¬Sort/Merge ¾ÍºöÂÔÔÚ˵Ã÷ÎļþÖÐµÄ /KEY ×Ӿ䡣

Ò»°ã£¬ÔÚ˵Ã÷ÎļþÖÐÖ¸¶¨ÏÞ¶¨´Êʱ£¬¶Ô´ÎÐòûÓÐÌØÊâµÄÒªÇó¡£È»¶ø£¬ÔÚÒÔÏÂÇé¿öÏ´ÎÐòÊÇÖØÒªµÄ:

  • °´Ò»¸öÒÔÉϼü×Ö¶ÎÅÅÐò£¬Èç¹ûûÓÐÖ¸¶¨ NUMBER:n ¼üÔªËØ
  • ÃèÊöÊä³ö¸ñʽ
  • ¶¨Òå¶à¸ö¼Ç¼ÀàÐÍ

¶Ô /COLLATING_SEQUENCE ÏÞ¶¨´ÊÖ¸¶¨ FOLD¡¢MODIFICATION ºÍ IGNORE ¹Ø¼ü×Öʱ£¬Ó¦¸ÃÔÚÈκΠFOLD ×Ó¾ä֮ǰָ¶¨ËùÓÐ MODIFICATION ºÍ IGNORE ×Ӿ䡣ÓÐ¹Ø /COLLATING_SEQUENCE ÏÞ¶¨´ÊµÄÏêÇ飬Çë²ÎÔÄ 9.9.3 ½Ú¡£

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           16 NOV 1983   Communication Skills
           05 APR 1984   Coping with Alcoholism
           11 Jan '84    How to Be Assertive
           12 OCT 1983   Improving Productivity
           15 MAR 1984   Living with Your Teenager
           08 FEB 1984   Single Parenting
           07 Dec '83    Stress --- Causes and Cures
           14 SEP 1983   Time Management
    

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           12 OCT 1983   Improving Productivity
           16 NOV 1983   Communication Skills
           07 Dec '83    Stress --- Causes and Cures
           11 Jan '84    How to Be Assertive
           08 FEB 1984   Single Parenting
           15 MAR 1984   Living with Your Teenager
           05 APR 1984   Coping with Alcoholism
    

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$ SORT/STATISTICS PAGEANT.LIS DOCUMENT.LIS
                  OpenVMS Sort/Merge Statistics

Records read:           3 (1)     Input record length:       26
Records sorted:         3        Internal length:           28
Records output:         3        Output record length:      26
Working set extent: 16384 (2)     Sort tree size:            42
Virtual memory:       392        Number of initial runs:     0
Direct I/O:            10        Maximum merge order:        0
Buffered I/O:          11        Number of merge passes:     0
Page faults:          158 (3)     Work file allocation:       0 (4)
Elapsed time: 00:00:00.54        Elapsed CPU:      00:00:00.03 (5)

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