Note that you can also use TELNET to log into remote internet hosts. To
determine the best remote login service to use for your needs, see
Section 1.1.2. For more information about TELNET, see Chapter 5.
4.5.1 Logging Out
End your remote login session in either of two ways:
The default escape character is a tilde ( ~ ). To set another escape
character, use the /ESCAPE_CHARACTER qualifier on the RLOGIN command
line.
4.5.2 Example RLOGIN Sessions
The following examples show how to use the RLOGIN command.
$ RLOGIN CONDO [Return] OpenVMS Version 6.2 -- Unauthorized access is prohibited. Username: KING [Return] Password: (not echoed) [Return] $ RUN ... $ ~. (not echoed) %RSH-S-LCLCLOSED, Local connection closed $
$ RLOGIN /ESCAPE_CHARACTER="+" PETREL [Return] . . . Last login: Mon Mar 14 18:34:27 from phoebe.edu UNIX System petrel: Fri Mar 19 11:02:20 EST 1997 Mon Jun 28 18:44:42 EST 1997 % ls ... [Return] % +. (not echoed) %RSH-S-LCLCLOSED, Local connection closed $
The RSH command connects your terminal to a remote host and requests it to execute the command, script, or command procedure that you specify. If the command generates output, you see it as if it were produced locally. If you omit a remote command when you type an RSH command line, RSH initiates an RLOGIN session. However, if the command line includes /PASSWORD, the remote login attempt fails. Using the /PASSWORD qualifier invokes REXEC. (See Section 4.7.)
Syntax rules require that you type your RSH command line so that the
remote command is the last word (or phrase).
4.6.1 Quotation Marks in Commands
If the remote command is one or more lowercase words, you do not need to enclose them in double quotation marks on the RSH command line. However, double quotation marks ( " " ) are required for:
In addition, RSH handles one double quotation mark ( " ) and two consecutive double quotation marks ( "" ) as follows:
To stop a remote execution, enter either Ctrl/C or Ctrl/Y.
4.6.3 Example RSH Commands
The following examples show how to use the RSH command.
$ RSH /USER_NAME=ROLLY OSTER LS
$ RSH DEBTS LS "-R"
$ RSH DEBTS ECHO TEST MESSAGE test message $ RSH DEBTS ECHO "\""test\"" message" "test" message $ RSH DEBTS ECHO TEST MESSAGE test message $ RSH DEBTS ECHO "TEST" MESSAGE TEST message $ RSH DEBTS "echo '""test"" message'" "test" message
$ RSH TANNER [Return] Password: (not echoed)[Return] Last login: Wed Aug 24 07:14:28 from henson.pension.daily.com DIGITAL UNIX Mon Aug 29 17:27:15 EDT 1997 Daily Corporation today>
$ RSH WR2 DIRECTORY
$ RSH WR2 /USER=ROGERS DIRECTORY
Use the REXEC feature to send a command to execute on a remote host that does not have, or might not have, the authentication information that RSH requires. The remote system's authentication files are not used.
Along with the remote command, REXEC sends the password you specify on the command line to the remote host. This password is used for security checking.
The Remote Shell program invokes REXEC. To use REXEC, issue RSH
/PASSWORD.
4.7.1 Example REXEC Use
The following example shows how to provide password information for the RSH command, thereby invoking the REXEC feature on the remote host.
From host GRANT, user STANTON types the file tops.holdings that resides on UNIX host oster. Because STANTON is not listed in oster's authentication files, user STANTON must use the REXEC feature and supply the /USER_NAME and /PASSWORD qualifiers. Quotes are required around the password because it contains uppercase letters.
$ RSH OSTER /USER_NAME=STANTON /PASSWORD="KeepingSaneJoy" - _$ CAT TOPS.HOLDINGS
This section provides complete descriptions of each R command. Included with each command description is the UNIX-style equivalent of the command. These equivalents are valid on UNIX systems only. They are presented here for users who are familiar with the UNIX environment, to help them understand the nature of R commands.
Copies files between internet hosts. Issue the RCP command at the DCL prompt. You can copy files:
- From a remote host to your host
- From your host to a remote host
- From one remote host to another remote host
You can specify qualifiers in either OpenVMS-style format or UNIX-style format, but do not mix both types on the same command line.
RCP [/[NO]LOG | /PASSWORD[=password] | /[NO]PRESERVE | /[NO]RECURSIVE | /[NO]TRUNCATE_USER_NAME[=n] | /USER_NAME=remote_user_name] source_file destination_file
rcp [ -p ] [ -r ] /[source_file] /[destination_file]
source_file
Required.Source host and file specification, in the format "[username@]"host:file, where:
- username@ is the user name on a remote UNIX system, needed only if the UNIX system has the name in its /etc/hosts.equiv file or the UNIX user's .rhosts file. Enclose the username@ portion, or the entire specification containing the username@ syntax, in quotation marks (" ").
- host is the remote host, followed by a colon (:).
- file is the name of the file to copy. A file name without the full path specification defaults to the default (or home) directory. Table 4-2 shows the possible correct formats.
Table 4-2 RCP Command: Specifying the Source File Host Possible Formats UNIX hosts Specify the following, enclosing UNIX path names that include slashes (/) in quotation marks (" "):
- Absolute path name, such as /etc/user/hosts, followed by the file name
- Path name relative to your default directory, followed by the file name
OpenVMS hosts Specify the following:
- Brackets ([ ]), which indicate your default directory, followed by the file name
- Full file specification, such as DKA0:[WILDE.BINDS.NORTHERN]CHAPTER1.TXT
To specify a device name, type a colon (:) and then the name. Enclose the entire parameter within quotation marks (" ").
- A logical name, such as SYS$LOGIN:ROBIN.DAT or DIAK$9:[AMERICAN]FINDINGS.LIS
To specify a logical name, type a colon (:) and then the name. Enclose the entire parameter within quotation marks (" ").
destination_file
Required.Destination host and file specification information is of the same form as the source parameter, unless the file specification is completely omitted or the file name portion of the file specification is omitted. In these cases, the default file name used is the same as specified in the source parameter, the directory being the default/home directory of the user.
/LOG
/NOLOG
Optional. Default: no logging.Logs the files copied to or from the local system.
/PASSWORD=password
Required if /USER_NAME qualifier is used.Password on the source or destination host system (whichever requires authentication).
/PRESERVE (OpenVMS Style)
/NOPRESERVE
-p (UNIX style, valid only on UNIX systems)
Optional.Preserves the file protection mode and modification date during a copy.
/RECURSIVE (OpenVMS Style)
/NORECURSIVE
-r (UNIX style, valid only on UNIX systems)
Optional.Recursively copies each subtree rooted at the directory you specify in the UNIX file specification. For OpenVMS hosts, specify [directory...] (with three trailing periods) in the file specification instead of using this qualifier.
/TRUNCATE_USER_NAME[=n]
/NOTRUNCATE_USER_NAME
Optional. Default: no truncation.Truncates the user name to the specified number of characters. If you omit n, the default is eight characters.
/USER_NAME=remote_user_name
Optional. Default: current name on local host in lowercase.Specify user name on the source or destination remote host. Use only if an entry allowing access to this user has not been added to the remote host's authentication files. You must also specify the /PASSWORD qualifier with the /USER_NAME qualifier. If necessary, truncate the user name to the required number of characters using the /TRUNCATE_USER_NAME qualifier. Specifying "username@" with the source or destination parameter is the equivalent UNIX-style method.
#1
$ RCP/LOG NYX:STATS.BNT []
#2Copies file stats.bnt from remote UNIX system nyx from under its home directory to a local file of the same name in the current directory. The /LOG qualifier causes information for the copy to be displayed. This command assumes the user has an entry in the authentication file on host nyx.
$ RCP HIAIR1:AIRFRS.TXT [FLTAT.STATS]FARES1.TXT
#3Copies file AIRFRS.TXT from remote OpenVMS system HIAIR1, from under its home directory to a local file of a different name (FARES1.TXT) in the specified directory. This command assumes the user has an entry in the authentication file on host HIAIR1.
$ RCP /PRESERVE HIAIR1:[FARES.SUMMER]FARES_SU.TXT ":DKA300:[]"
#4Copies file FARES_SU.TXT from directory [FARES.SUMMER] on remote OpenVMS system HIAIR1 to the specified device and directory on the local system. The new file maintains the same name as the original. The copy preserves the source file's protection mode and modification date.
Use quotation marks (" ") for specifying the device and directory on the destination.
$ RCP /USER=MILLER /PASS="AirOut" ":SYS$LOGIN:PILOTS.LIS" FALCON:
#5Copies file PILOTS.LIS from the login directory of user MILLER on the local system to the user's login directory on a remote UNIX system. The user specifies the user name and password for access to the UNIX system (the password is specified in quotation marks to preserve the mixed uppercase letters).
Use quotation marks (" ") for specifying the SYS$LOGIN device and file name on the destination.
$ RCP /RECURSIVE ":DKA300:[MILES...]" "nyx:/usr/tmp"
#6Copies all files and any subdirectories under the local directory [MILES] to a remote UNIX host's destination directory. All the files in the subdirectories are copied as well, creating subdirectories on the remote host, as appropriate. The directory hierarchy is preserved on the UNIX host by default. This command assumes the user has an entry in the authentication file on host nyx.
$ RCP /LOG /RECURSIVE [MILES...] BOSTON:[FRFL...]
#7Copies the complete local subdirectory tree ([MILES...] and all subdirectories) to the destination directory on remote OpenVMS host BOSTON, while preserving the directory hierarchy and logging each file copy. This command assumes the user has an entry in the authentication file on host BOSTON.
$ RCP /LOG /RECURSIVE [MILES...] BOSTON:[FRFL]
#8Same as Example 6, except that all files in the local directory tree are copied directly to the destination directory itself. The command does not preserve the directory hierarchy of [MILES...] in [FRFL] on host BOSTON. In other words, the command does not create new subdirectories in BOSTON:[FRFL]; it copies all the files in [MILES] and all its subdirectories to directory [FRFL].
$ RCP /USER=VAUGHN /PASSWORD=MYLES /TRUNCATE=4 STATS.TXT FRAM:TISTICS
#9Copies the local file STATS.TXT to a remote user's login directory. Note the truncation of the remote user name. A user name and password are necessary if no entries for the user are present in the remote host's authentication files.
$ RCP BOSTON:NAMES.LIS FRAM:ROSTER.LIS
#10Copies file NAMES.LIS from remote host BOSTON to remote host FRAM (naming the file ROSTER.LIS). Assumes appropriate entries for the user have been made in each remote host's authentication files.
$ RCP "MILLER@BOSTON:SYS$DIR:T2" "nelson@nyx:/usr/nelson"
#11Copies file T2 from remote OpenVMS system BOSTON in the directory pointed to by the logical name SYS$DIR to remote UNIX system nyx in the specified directory. Different user names are used on the two remote systems. Entries in the remote host's authentication files must be set up properly because the passwords are not being passed.
$ RCP /USER=ROSS /PASSWORD=LC12LC BOS:CLIENT.LIS "BEX:/USR"
Copies file CLIENT.LIS from OpenVMS host BOS to UNIX host bex. The user has a proxy account on the UNIX host. The specified authentication information allows access to the account for ROSS on host BOS.
Sends one command to a specified remote host for execution.The difference between the REXEC facility and RSH is security checking:
- REXEC --- the remote host bases authentication on user name and password.
- RSH --- the remote host bases authentication on user name and information in the remote system's authentication files.
To invoke the REXEC feature, type either of the following:
RSH /PASSWORD=password
or
RSH /PASSWORD
See the RSH command with the /PASSWORD qualifier.
Initiates an interactive login session with a remote host.
RLOGIN [/DROP_TIMEOUT=seconds | /EIGHTBIT | /ESCAPE_CHARACTER=character | /LOG_FILE=file | /[NO]LOWERCASE | /PROBE_TIMEOUT=seconds | /TERMINAL_SPEED=baud | /TERMINAL_TYPE=type | /[NO]TRUNCATE_USER_NAME | /USER_NAME=remote_user_name] host
rlogin host [ -8 ] [ -ec ] [ -l remote_user_name ]
host
Required.Remote host to which you want to connect.
/DROP_TIMEOUT=seconds
Required if you set /PROBE_TIMEOUT.Maximum interval, in seconds, that your network link can be down before the software closes it.
/EIGHTBIT
-8 (UNIX style, valid only on UNIX systems)
Optional. Default: only 7-bit data is sent.Accepts 8-bit data from the terminal and sends it to the remote system.
/ESCAPE_CHARACTER=character
-ec (UNIX style, valid only on UNIX systems)
Optional. Default: ~ (tilde).New escape character if you want to close your RLOGIN session from the remote host.
To close your session from your local host, use a period ( . ) as the escape command.
/LOG_FILE=file
Optional. Default: no logging.Logs a copy of the output to the specified file. Output continues to be directed to SYS$OUTPUT while it is being recorded in the log file.
/LOWERCASE
/NOLOWERCASE
Optional. Default: /LOWERCASE.Sends your local user name to the remote host in lowercase.
To send your user name in uppercase, use either of the following:
- Specify /NOLOWERCASE.
- Enclose the user name in quotation marks ( " " ). (See /USER_NAME.)
To send your user name in mixed case, enclose it in quotation marks ( " " ).
/PROBE_TIMEOUT=seconds
Required if you set /DROP_TIMEOUT.Interval, in seconds, that DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS checks to see if your network link and the remote host are both still up.
/TERMINAL_SPEED=baud
Optional. Default: current speed of your terminal.Terminal speed in baud rate.
/TERMINAL_TYPE=type
Optional. Default: type of physical terminal you are using.Terminal type. Use this qualifier if the remote host does not recognize your terminal.
/TRUNCATE_USER_NAME
/NOTRUNCATE_USER_NAME
Optional. Default: /NOTRUNCATE_USER_NAME.Abbreviates the user name sent to the remote host to eight characters (required for older UNIX hosts, which limit user names to eight characters).
/USER_NAME=remote_user_name
-l remote_user_name (UNIX style, valid only on UNIX systems)
Optional. Default: current name on local host, but in lowercase.Your user name on the remote host. Specify this qualifier if your user names on the remote host and local host are different.
To send your user name in uppercase, use either of the following:
- Specify /NOLOWERCASE.
- Enclose the user name in quotation marks ( " " ).
To send your user name in mixed case, enclose it in quotation marks ( " " ).
#1
$ RLOGIN /USER_NAME="BlissTon" ROLLS
#2An OpenVMS user logs into account BlissTon on UNIX host rolls. The mixed-case remote user name is in quotation marks so RLOGIN does not send it all lowercase, which is the default. This example assumes the user has a proxy account on the remote host.
$ RLOGIN /NOLOWERCASE /USER_NAME=DAVE PLETHORA
#3User DAVE starts an interactive login session with UNIX host plethora. Because this user has an uppercase user name, it is specified with the /NOLOWERCASE qualifier. This example assumes the user has a proxy account on the remote host.
$ RLOGIN /ESCAPE_CHARACTER="+" PJARO [Return] Password: (not echoed)[Return] Last login: Fri Aug 22 16:50:40 from world.wide.webber.com DIGITAL UNIX System - 4: Tues Aug 26 11:02:20 EST 1997 You have mail. Tues Aug 26 11:02:20 EST 1997 pjaro> WHO [Return] black ttyp0 Aug 27 11:02 grades.philosophy.ucd.edu. bristow ttyp1 Aug 12 09:00 grades.biology.ucd.edu. cutler ttyp2 Aug 26 08:55 grades.math.ucd.edu. pjaro> PWD [Return] /usr/users/black pjaro> ls [Return] bin Sem1.paper Sem2.paper pjaro> +. (not echoed) %RSH-S-LCLCLOSED, Local connection closed $
#4OpenVMS user BLACK, with UNIX user name black, logs into UNIX host pjaro and resets the escape character to a plus sign. By default, DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS passes the user name and commands to the remote host in lowercase.
$ RLOGIN FANTAC [Return] OpenVMS Version 7.1 - Unauthorized access is prohibited. Username: TDERR [Return] Password: (not echoed) [Return] . . . $
#5TDERR logs into remote OpenVMS host FANTAC.
$ RLOGIN QANCE /DROP_TIMEOUT=45 %RLOGIN-E-INETERROR, Internet interface error -RLOGIN-I-INETCALL, setsockopt(TCP_DROP_IDLE) -SYSTEM-F-BADPARAM, bad parameter value $
The command fails because the /DROP_TIMEOUT and /PROBE_TIMEOUT qualifiers must both be set.
Sends a command to a remote host for execution, including a command that invokes a remote shell script or remote command procedure. Any command recognized by the remote host is valid. When using the RSH command, consider the following:
RSH host [/EIGHTBIT | /ESCAPE_CHARACTER=character | /LOG_FILE=file | /[NO]LOWERCASE | /PASSWORD[=password] | /[NO]SYSERROR | /TERMINAL_SPEED=n | /TERMINAL_TYPE=type | /[NO]TRUNCATE_USER_NAME | /USER_NAME=remote_user_name] [ remote_command ]
rsh host [ -l remote_user_name ] [ remote_command ]
This format is valid only on UNIX systems.
host
Required.Remote host at which you want the command to execute.
remote_command
Optional. Default: none.Command you are sending to the remote host for execution.
Note
The remote_command must be the last item on the command line.
/EIGHTBIT
Optional. Default: only 7-bit data is sent.Accepts 8-bit data from the terminal and sends it to the remote system.
/ESCAPE_CHARACTER=character
Optional. Default: ~ (tilde).New RLOGIN escape character. This character lets you exit the RLOGIN process without typing the remote host's typical logout sequence, for example, LOGOUT or Ctrl/D.
Typing the escape character and a period (.) breaks the connection with the remote host, for example:
remote> ~. (not echoed) %RSH-S-LCLCLOSED, Local connection closed local_vms>/LOG_FILE=file
Optional. Default: no logging.Logs a copy of the output to the specified file. Output continues to be directed to SYS$OUTPUT while it is being recorded in the log file.
Not valid with /SYSERROR.
/LOWERCASE
/NOLOWERCASE
Optional. Default: /LOWERCASE.Sends your local user name to the remote host in lowercase.
To send your user name in uppercase, use either of the following ways:
- Specify /NOLOWERCASE.
- Enclose the user name in quotation marks ( " " ). (See /USER_NAME.)
To send your user name in mixed case, enclose it in quotation marks ( " " ).
/PASSWORD[=password]
Optional.Your password on the remote host.
Invokes the local REXEC facility that directs your RSH command to the REXEC server on the remote host. This server does authentication checking using the user name and password that you specified on the RSH command line.
- Enclose the password in quotation marks ( " " ) if it is lowercase or mixed case.
- If you omit password, RSH prompts you for one.
- Do not use this qualifier if you want to initiate an RLOGIN session.
/SYSERROR
/NOSYSERROR
Optional. Default: /NOSYSERROR.Directs diagnostics to SYS$ERROR and output to SYS$OUTPUT.
When SYS$ERROR and SYS$OUTPUT both output to the same terminal, the output might be garbled.
/NOSYSERROR directs output only to SYS$OUTPUT.
/TERMINAL_SPEED=n
Optional. Default: your terminal's current speed.Terminal speed passed to the remote host during an RLOGIN session.
/TERMINAL_TYPE=type
Optional. Default: your terminal's current type.Terminal type passed to the remote host during an RLOGIN session.
/TRUNCATE_USER_NAME
/NOTRUNCATE_USER_NAME
Optional. Default: /NOTRUNCATE_USER_NAME.Abbreviates the user name sent to the remote host to eight characters (required for older UNIX hosts, which limit user names to eight characters).
/USER_NAME=remote_user_name
-l remote_user_name (UNIX style, valid only on UNIX systems)
Optional. Default: same name on local host, but in lowercase.Your user name on the remote host. Specify this qualifier if your user names on the remote host and local host are different.
To send your user name in uppercase, use either of the following ways:
- Specify /NOLOWERCASE.
- Enclose the user name in quotation marks ( " " ).
To send your user name in mixed case, enclose it in quotation marks ( " " ).
#1
$ RSH HENCE MAN CP cp(1) Name cp - copy file data Syntax cp [ -f ] [ -i ] [ -p ] file1 file2 . . . See Also cat(1), pr(1), mv(1) $
Previous | Next | Contents